Morphologie : Bulletin de L'Association des Anatomistes

Country-specific systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been proposed to compile the available literature and rank methods based on their performance for a target population. India is a country with a vast scientific literature on dental age estimation. This systematic review aimed to provide evidence to help the decision of experts regarding the method of choice for dental age estimation in India. The research protocol was registered in Open Science Framework. Literature Search was performed in Embase, LILACS, MedLine (via PubMed), SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science...

PURPOSE: Although musculoskeletal anatomy is inherently related to motion, there is a lack of evidence review about the best teaching practices for the locomotor apparatus functional anatomy. We aimed to detect the strategies that have been implemented for functional musculoskeletal anatomy education, and their outcomes, with the ultimate purpose of suggesting the most effective teaching methods. METHODS: The databases PubMed, Scopus, ERIC, and Cochrane Library were searched for papers with the purpose of exploring the outcomes (participants' perceptions and/or examination performance) of teaching functional musculoskeletal anatomy...

BACKGROUND: Mental rotation is a cognitive process that involves the rotation of a mental representation of an object. This ability is important for medical students in studying anatomy as this subject requires the understanding of positional relations between organs. OBJECTIVES: To find the effect of video learning of anatomy, training, gender, and type of practical exam on mental rotation ability. Also, to find correlation between mental rotation and anatomy scores...

The discipline of anatomy is one of the pillars of training in higher education courses in health area. Since its origin, this discipline has used the traditional method as an educational strategy. Since then, the discipline has undergone changes, including other teaching methods, such as active methodologies. With the COVID-19 pandemic, declared in March 2020 and the closure of higher education institutions, the teaching of anatomy was impacted, since it was necessary to adapt the modality of face-to-face teaching to remote teaching...

Plastination consists of replacing lipid and water with a curable polymer. This technique has numerous advantages, of which the production of non-toxic, inert, highly durable, dry, and easy maintenance and storage specimens stand out. Like all anatomical techniques, plastination also has disadvantages, and one of them is tissue shrinkage. The feasibility of using low viscosity domestic silicone (0,1Pa.s at 20°C) to plastinate brain slices was examined. Twenty humans, 10 millimeters (mm) brain slices were impregnated, ten slices each with two polymers [10 with domestic low viscosity polymer - P1 and 10 slices with Biodur® (0,45-0,6Pa...

Forensic odontologists use biological patterns to estimate chronological age for the judicial system. The age of majority is a legally significant period with a limited set of reliable oral landmarks. Currently, experts rely on the questionable development of third molars to assess whether litigants can be prosecuted as legal adults. Identification of new and novel patterns may illuminate features more dependably indicative of chronological age, which have, until now, remained unseen. Unfortunately, biased perceptions and limited cognitive capacity compromise the ability of researchers to notice new patterns...

INTRODUCTION: The quadriceps femoris muscle is present in the anterior region of the thigh and is classically described as a muscle with four heads: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. A few years ago, a "fifth head" was described and named the tensor of the vastus intermedius (TVI). The TVI belly is in line with the belly of the vastus lateralis, and its aponeurosis imposes considerable tension on the vastus intermedius, medializing its action, to play a significant role in knee extension...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the collagen, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle content of the clitoris and the glans penis in young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clitoris and the glans penis of six women and six men (mean age 25±3) who died as a result of accidents were excised. The samples were placed under a formaldehyde solution and histologically processed. Masson's trichrome and Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin stain was used to highlight the elastic fibers, smooth muscle, and collagen...

In every criminal inquiry, identification is of utmost importance. Cheiloscopy is a technique used in forensic investigation that focuses on identifying people from their lip prints. Just like fingerprints, each person's lip crease pattern is unique. Moreover, Lip prints are seen to remain consistent throughout an individual's life. Lip prints can therefore be used to confirm if a person was at the crime scene or not. Cheiloscopy is used to examine the sulci labiorum, or "lip prints," which are the wrinkling and furrows on the labial mucosa that produce a distinctive pattern...

The skull and appendicular bones are derived from different embryological sources during their development. The impact of prenatal exposure of topiramate on ossification of these bones is not adequately studied. The goal of this study was to assess the ossification patterns of the craniofacial bones and bones of the forelimbs and hindlimbs in 20-day-old rat fetuses after maternal exposure to topiramate at doses equivalent to human therapeutic doses. Three groups of Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were used: control, topiramate 50mg/kg/day (T50) and topiramate 100mg/kg/day (T100)...

Muscular variations within the upper extremities are common and widely documented. They can have a range of implications including nerve compression and misdiagnosis but are often silent. Our report herein describes a bilateral accessory muscle found in the forearm during routine cadaveric dissection. The muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus between the origins of the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor carpi radialis muscles. The muscle is digastric, with the distal belly existing as the first lumbrical and the proximal serving as a supernumerary flexor...

Anatole-Félix Le Double was a prominent figure associated with the concept of anatomical variations also including the comprehension of their anthropological and zoological aspects. As an anatomist, Le Double contributed significantly with his major treatise regarding muscles and bony variants. Furthermore, Le Double influenced and popularized paleoanthropology and its relation to anatomy not only in France but in several parts of the world - promoting the idea that anatomical variations are not only surgically and clinically relevant but also have an evolutionary significance...

BACKGROUND: Recently, it was proposed to estimate age from the biometric information of hand bones. We observed that these estimations became less precise as children get older, especially from the age of 13-15 years. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of considering sex for age estimation based on hand bones biometrics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of metacarpals and proximal phalanges measurements collected on 1003 medical images performed at Nancy and Marseille Hospitals of individuals aged under 21 years...

BACKGROUND: The effect of impaction on third molar development is disputable as the scientific literature is not uniform. In parallel, population-specific studies have been encouraged in dental age estimation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of impaction on third molar formation in a sample of Lebanese individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 518 panoramic radiographs of females (n=229) and males (n=289) between 15 and 23.9 years. Mandibular third molars were classified based on their position as non-impacted and impacted (with horizontal, vertical, mesioangular, and distoangular impaction)...

BACKGROUND: The determinant of the spermiogram of semen varies in different populations based on several factors ranging, from age to the pathological state of an individual to environmental factors. The aim of the study is to determine the spermiogram of patients that attend fertility clinics in southwest Nigeria and the relationship between the parameters. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional study that recruited two hundred and ninety seven (297) patients from two fertility centers in Lagos, Nigeria for the period of January 2021 to November 2022...

PURPOSE: To evaluate nifuroxazide's (NIF's) anti-aging characteristics in a skin-aging rat model for the first time in order to create effective preventive measures and anti-aging skin therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty randomly selected aged male rats were assorted into three equal groups; aged control group, treated NIF I, aged rats were treated with NIF (10mg/kg, orally once daily for 14 consecutive days), and treated NIF II, aged rats were treated with NIF (20mg/kg, orally once daily for 14 consecutive days)...

Teaching histology, through virtual microscopy in educational strategies, undeniably moved towards the digitization and distancing of teaching. The setting up of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) entitled "Introduction to Histology: exploring the tissues of the human body" made it possible to exploit the potential to share digital resources with a wider audience while being integrated into the teaching on-campus students. This article described the pedagogical choices prevailing during the design of the MOOC and its combination with face-to-face sessions to achieve specific learning outcomes...

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The present work aims to observe the clitoris' extracellular matrix in young and old women with a scanning electron microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After approval of the local research ethics committee, samples of the clitoris body were obtained from cadavers of women between 20 and 40 old (G1) and from cadavers over the age of 60 (G2). The samples were decellularized with NaOH to maintain the extracellular matrix framework, submitted to silver sputter coating, and observed under a scanning electron microscope...

The current study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Osmania Medical College, Koti, Hyderabad over a period of 1year. A total of 30 human pineal glands (16-males,11-females,3 excluded for post-mortem autolysis) from those bodies between the age groups of 1-80years were collected during the post-mortem study at the Mortuary of Osmania General Hospital, Koti, Hyderabad and were included in the study. Morphological parameters like weight and transverse diameter at the maximum width of the pineal glands were measured and then the pineal glands were processed for light microscopy...

BACKGROUND: Myocardial bridging (MB) is a coronary anomaly in which a segment of the coronary artery is overlapped by a layer of myocardial tissue. Nowadays, there is no scientific agreement on if the MB are congenital or acquired or on the factors that determine their presence and/or absence. OBJECTIVE: This study is performed to analyze the anatomical characteristics of adult and children's hearts regarding the shape of the left coronary artery branching, presence of pre-bridge arterial branch, coronary dominance and its correlations to MB formation...