Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
500 papers
Comparison of diagnostic performances of ATA guidelines, ACR-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS and Modified K-TIRADS: A single center study of 4238 thyroid nodules.
Several ultrasound (US) -based risk stratification systems (RSS) for managing thyroid nodules have been developed and introduced into clinical practice. However, there are essential differences among these systems. This study aimed to determine and compare the category-based diagnostic performance of four US-based risk stratification systems in the detection of thyroid cancer: ACR-TIRADS, ATA, K-TIRADS, and EU-TIRADS.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024
Efficacy of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Apheresis in the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Single Center Experience.
  Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder associated with extremely high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and long-term outcomes of lipoprotein apheresis (LA) in the treatment of FH.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024
The mechanism and treatment of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes: A review.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest growing diseases in terms of incidence worldwide and seriously affects cognitive function. The incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction is up to 13% in diabetes patients aged 65-74 and reaches 24% in those aged >75 years. The mechanisms and treatments of cognitive dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus are complicated and varied. According to previous studies, hyperglycaemia mainly contributes to cognitive dysfunction through mechanisms involving inflammation, autophagy, the microbial-gut-brain axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factors and insulin resistance. Antidiabetic drugs such as metformin, liraglutide and empagliflozin and other drugs such as fingolimod and melatonin can alleviate cognitive dysfunction caused by diabetes. Self-management, indirect fasting and repetitive transverse magnetic stimulation can also ameliorate cognitive impairment. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms linking diabetes mellitus with cognitive dysfunction and propose a potential treatment for cognitive dysfunction related to diabetes mellitus.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 December
Ocular motor mononeuropathies in diabetes mellitus: A brief review.
Ocular motor mononeuropathies affect cranial nerves III, IV and VI and are more frequent in diabetes mellitus, with oculomotor nerve involvement being predominant. The aim of this narrative brief review was to discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of ocular motor nerve palsies in subjects with diabetes. Clinical manifestations often include ptosis, diplopia, and periorbital pain. A characteristic of third nerve palsy is pupillary sparing. Differential diagnosis may be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with nerve palsies of other aetiologies. Treatment includes optimised glycaemic control and management of vascular risk factors. Neuroprotective agents, mainly alpha-lipoic acid and botulinum toxin A have been occasionally used, as well. Spontaneous recovery is also seen in many cases.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 December
Can salivary cortisol be used in diagnosing adrenal insufficiency during the acute and subacute phases of traumatic brain injury?
The diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) related to traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a challenge. We investigated the basal and low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated serum cortisol and salivary cortisol (SaC) levels and the diagnostic utility of SaC levels during 28 days following TBI.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 November
Endocrine Complications in Hepatic Glycogen Storage Diseases: A Long-term Perspective.
Patients with hepatic type of glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) can manifest endocrine features such as hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia, or osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate the long-term endocrine consequences in patients with hepatic GSDs.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 November
Novel treatment options in patients with maturity onset diabetes of the young.
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is the most common monogenetic form of diabetes with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. MODY is caused by mutations in genes that are important for the development and function of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in impaired insulin secretion capacity. To date, 14 different types have been described. While GCK-MODY (formerly MODY-2) generally requires no drug therapy, other forms of MODY such as HNF1A-MODY (formerly MODY-3) and HNF4A (formerly MODY-1) usually respond very well to sulfonylurea therapy. However, these MODY forms are characterised by a progressive course, meaning that insulin therapy is often required as the disease progresses. Both sulfonylurea therapy and insulin therapy are associated with an increased risk of hypoglycaemia and frequent weight gain. Newer blood glucose-lowering therapies, such as SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), have a much lower risk of hypoglycaemia and usually have a favourable effect on body weight. This review aims to provide an overview of the treatment of MODY patients with SGLT2i, DPP4i and GLP-1RA on the basis of previously published clinical studies, case series and case reports.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 November
Editorial for Special Issue "Improving Outcome of Cushing's Syndrome-4" (IMPROCUSH-4).
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024
Polymorphism in the Drug Transporter Gene ABCB1 as a Potential Disease Modifier in Cortisol-Producing Adrenal Adenomas.
Endogenous hypercortisolism presents with variable phenotypes. Etiological factors accounting for the level of hypercortisolism or varying severity of associated comorbidities are lacking. Recently, the adrenal ATP-binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) gene was identified as a modulator of glucocorticoid secretion.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 December
21-hydroxylase deficiency detected in neonatal screening: high probability of false negativity in late onset form.
Despite the high sensitivity of neonatal screening in detecting the classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, one of the unclear issues is identifying asymptomatic children with late onset forms. The aim of this nationwide study was to analyse the association between genotype and screened level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone in patients with the late onset form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency and to quantify false negativity.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes | 2024 November
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
500 papers