Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify clinical and EEG monitoring characteristics associated with generalized, lateralized, and bilateral-independent periodic discharges (GPDs, LPDs, and BIPDs) and to determine which patterns were associated with outcomes in critically ill children. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational study of consecutive critically ill children undergoing continuous EEG monitoring, including standardized scoring of GPDs, LPDs, and BIPDs...

PURPOSE: Intraoperative bulbocavernosus reflex neuromonitoring has been utilized to protect bowel, bladder, and sexual function, providing a continuous functional assessment of the somatic sacral nervous system during surgeries where it is at risk. Bulbocavernosus reflex data may also provide additional functional insight, including an evaluation for spinal shock, distinguishing upper versus lower motor neuron injury (conus vs. cauda syndromes) and prognosis for postoperative bowel and bladder function...

INTRODUCTION: In facial motor-evoked potential monitoring, efforts to reduce peripheral stimulation are necessary because it can cause false-negatives. The effects of peripheral stimulation on Cz-C3/C4 and C3-C4 montages were compared. METHODS: Facial motor-evoked potentials were recorded from bilateral orbicularis oculi (Oculi) and oris (Oris) muscles. The double-train approach combining single-pulse and five-train pulse stimulation was used to determine the effect of peripheral stimulation...

PURPOSE: Accuracy of outcome prognosis is one of the most important tasks of coma arousal therapy. Reactions toward sensory stimuli are the most significant predictor of conscience and cognitive functions restoration after a brain injury. A paradigm that includes ERP registration has the advantage of detailed stimuli processing visualization. The authors aimed to investigate perception and distinguishing of emotionally significant sounds (crying and laughter) in coma patients with different consciousness restoration prognosis...

INTRODUCTION: Demonstration of nociceptive fiber abnormality is important for diagnosing neuropathic pain and small fiber neuropathies. This is usually assessed by brief heat pulses using lasers, contact heat, or special electrodes. We hypothesized that pain-related evoked potentials to conventional surface electrical stimulation (PREPse) can index Aδ afferences despite tactile Aß fibers coactivation. PREPse may be more readily used clinically than contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPS)...

PURPOSE: Object naming requires visual decoding, conceptualization, semantic categorization, and phonological encoding, all within 400 to 600 ms of stimulus presentation and before a word is spoken. In this study, we sought to predict semantic categories of naming responses based on prearticulatory brain activity recorded with scalp EEG in healthy individuals. METHODS: We assessed 19 healthy individuals who completed a naming task while undergoing EEG. The naming task consisted of 120 drawings of animate/inanimate objects or abstract drawings...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) is recommended for hospitalized patients with cerebrovascular diseases and suspected seizures or unexplained neurologic decline. We sought to (1) identify areas of practice variation in cEEG utilization, (2) determine predictors of cEEG utilization, (3) evaluate whether cEEG utilization is associated with outcomes in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS: This cohort study of the Premier Healthcare Database (2014-2020), included hospitalized patients age >18 years with cerebrovascular diseases (identified by ICD codes)...

PURPOSE: Despite availability of commercial EEG software for automated epileptiform detection, validation on real-world EEG datasets is lacking. Performance evaluation of two software packages on a large EEG dataset of patients with genetic generalized epilepsy was performed. METHODS: Three epileptologists labelled IEDs manually of EEGs from three centres. All Interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) markings predicted by two commercial software (Encevis 1.11 and Persyst 14) were reviewed individually to assess for suspicious missed markings and were integrated into the reference standard if overlooked during manual annotation during a second phase...

PURPOSE: The data resulting from epilepsy surgical evaluation are occasionally unclear in cases of mesial temporal lobe (MTL) epilepsy. Long-term intracranial EEG (iEEG) collected by the Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) System may be an approach for capturing additional seizure data while treating patients with neurostimulation. We reviewed iEEG seizure lateralization and clinical outcomes in bilateral MTL patients at University of Utah. METHODS: Long-term RNS System iEEG seizure lateralization was compared with pre-RNS System lateralization obtained during surgical evaluation...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on spikes, high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), and phase-amplitude coupling using a modulation index in MRI-normal hippocampus, with the aim of evaluating the utility of intraoperative electrocorticography in identifying the epileptogenic hippocampus during sevoflurane administration. METHODS: Eleven patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy with a normal hippocampus on MRI underwent extra-operative electrocorticography evaluation...

PURPOSE: The neurologic examination of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is crucial for evaluating irreversible encephalopathy but is often obscured by sedation or neuromuscular blockade. Noninvasive neuromonitoring modalities including diffuse correlation spectroscopy and EEG measure cerebral perfusion and neuronal function, respectively. We hypothesized that encephalopathic ECMO patients with greater degree of irreversible cerebral injury demonstrate less correlation between electrographic activity and cerebral perfusion than those whose encephalopathy is attributable to medications...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess differences between people with episodic migraine and healthy controls in some neurophysiological and clinical outcomes, which, in turn, may highlight the differences in sensory processing, especially in cortical excitability, pain processing, and executive function. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed, including the following outcomes: pressure pain thresholds with algometry; resting motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation with transcranial magnetic stimulation; and executive functions with the trail making test and the frontal assessment battery...

INTRODUCTION: High-frequency oscillation (HFO) in scalp electroencephalography is a promising new noninvasive prognostic epilepsy biomarker, but further data are needed to ascertain the utility of this parameter. The present work investigated the association between epileptic activity and scalp HFO in pediatric patients with various types of epilepsy, using multivariable regression models to correct for possible confounding factors. METHODS: The authors analyzed 97 subjects who were divided into groups with active epilepsy (within 1 year of seizure), seizure-free epilepsy (>1 year without seizure), and nonepilepsy...

PURPOSE: Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude and latency are acquired routinely during neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation, a method of functional mapping of the motor cortex before epilepsy surgery. Although MEP amplitude is routinely used to generate a motor map, MEP latency in patients with focal epilepsy has not been studied systematically. Given that epilepsy may alter myelination, we tested whether intrinsic hand muscle MEPs obtained from the hemisphere containing a seizure focus differ in latency from MEPs collected from the opposite hemisphere...

PURPOSE: Complex repetitive discharges (CRDs) are incompletely understood needle electromyography (EMG) waveforms seen in both myopathic and neurogenic disorders including radiculopathies. This study aimed to clarify the significance of CRDs in patients with radiculopathies. METHODS: This case-control study randomly identified 100 patients with needle EMG evidence of radiculopathy demonstrating at least one CRD in the electrodiagnostically involved myotome between January 2017 and January 2022...

INTRODUCTION: Noninvasive brain imaging tests play a major role in guiding decision-making and the usage of invasive, costly intracranial electroencephalogram (ICEEG) in the presurgical epilepsy evaluation. This study prospectively examined the concordance in localization between ictal EEG source imaging (ESI) and ICEEG as a reference standard. METHODS: Between August 2014 and April 2019, patients during video monitoring with scalp EEG were screened for those with intractable focal epilepsy believed to be amenable to surgical treatment...

PURPOSE: Sleep studies are important to evaluate sleep and sleep-related disorders. The standard test for evaluating sleep is polysomnography, during which several physiological signals are recorded separately and simultaneously with specialized equipment that requires a technologist. Simpler recordings that can model the results of a polysomnography would provide the benefit of expanding the possibilities of sleep recordings. METHODS: Using the publicly available sleep data set from the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis and 1769 nights of sleep, we extracted a distinct data subset with engineered features of the biomarkers collected by actigraphic, oxygenation, and electrocardiographic sensors...