Nuclear Medicine Communications

PURPOSE: This study demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of using a deep learning-based approach for attenuation correction in [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET scans. METHODS: A dataset of 700 prostate cancer patients (mean age: 67.6 ± 5.9 years, range: 45-85 years) who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/computed tomography was collected. A deep learning model was trained to perform attenuation correction on these images. Quantitative accuracy was assessed using clinical data from 92 patients, comparing the deep learning-based attenuation correction (DLAC) to computed tomography-based PET attenuation correction (PET-CTAC) using mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean square error based on standard uptake value...

OBJECTIVE: The accuracy of automatic tumor segmentation in PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) images is crucial for the effective treatment and monitoring of Hodgkin lymphoma. This study aims to address the challenges faced by certain segmentation algorithms in accurately differentiating lymphoma from normal organ uptakes due to PET image resolution and tumor heterogeneity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Variants of the encoder-decoder architectures are state-of-the-art models for image segmentation...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the Esmarch bandage and exsanguination tourniquet rings (ETRs) in blood evacuation procedures using a controlled intra-subject design involving healthy volunteers. METHODS: A total of 20 healthy adult volunteers (12 males, 8 females) were recruited from the community. Participants underwent blood evacuation procedures on both legs, using the Esmarch bandage on one leg and the ETR on the other...

AIM: To assess the performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) versus 99mTc MDP bone scan in assessment of metastatic osseous disease in breast cancer patients in relation to serum markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed PET/CT studies and bone scans for 37 patients (mean age of 55.38 ± 13.08 years) with metastatic breast cancer to bone. To assess metastatic osseous burden, we used semiquantitative scores derived from PET/CT (PMS) and bone scans (BMS)...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the biodistribution of 64Cu-DOTA-rituximab and its diagnostic feasibility for lymphoma using CD20-targeted 64Cu-DOTA-rituximab PET/computed tomography (PET/CT). METHODS: A prospective study involving six patients diagnosed with lymphoma was conducted between January 2022 and January 2023. These patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 64Cu-DOTA-rituximab PET/CT scans. 64Cu-DOTA-rituximab PET/CT images were acquired at 1, 24, and 48 h after administering 64Cu-DOTA-rituximab to assess the biodistribution and dosimetry over time...

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive measurement of renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) is challenging, yet critical in renal pathologies. This study evaluates the correlation between serum renal function markers and RBF/RVR assessed using rubidium PET. METHODS: Dynamic images from 53 patients who underwent rubidium PET for nonrenal indications were analyzed. RBF was determined using a one-compartment model, and RVR was calculated by dividing mean arterial pressure by RBF...

OBJECTIVE: Recurrence is the leading cause of tumor-related death in retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLPS). Variant subtypes of RPLPS determine different recurrence 18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (PET/CT). This study analyzed the characteristics of different histologic subtypes of 18F-FDG PET/CT and their associations with recurrence and prognosis. METHODS: Clinical-pathological information, 18F-FDG PET/CT data, recurrence, and progression-free survivals (PFS) of 83 patients with RPLPS were collected...

INTRODUCTION: Texture and radiomic analysis characterizes the tumor's phenotype and evaluates its microenvironment in quantitative terms. This study aims to investigate the role of textural and radiomic analysis parameters in predicting histopathological factors in breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and twelve primary breast cancer patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography for staging. The images were processed in a commercially available textural analysis software...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) acquisition method and sampling angles on the qualitative and quantitative interpretations of xSPECT-reconstructed images. METHODS: The spatial resolution was evaluated using a JSP phantom, and the uniformity and quantitative accuracy were verified with a NEMA IEC Body Phantom using an SIEMENS Symbia Intevo SPECT/computed tomography system. SPECT was performed using three acquisition methods (step-and-shoot, continuous, and acquire during the step), and the sampling angles were set to 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6°...

OBJECTIVE: 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT is considered the imaging gold standard for detection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands . However, increased uptake might also occur in the thyroid gland. The aim of our study was to assess the incidence and significance of 18F-fluorocholine uptake in the thyroid gland in patients with hyperparathyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study includes 195 consecutive patients with hyperparathyroidism, who underwent 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT, for detection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prognostic value of clinical, volumetric, and radiomics-based textural parameters in baseline [18F]FDG-PET/CT scans of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated baseline PET/CT scans and collected clinical data of fifty DLBCL patients. PET images were segmented semiautomatically to determine metabolic tumor volume (MTV), then the largest segmented lymphoma volume of interest (VOI) was used to extract first-, second-, and high-order textural features...

OBJECTIVES: In this prospective study, we investigated the correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in the blood of patients with prostate cancer in biochemical recurrence after radical treatment with the semiquantitative parameters standard uptake value maximum (SUVmax) and the total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) in the metastatic foci depicted in 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 and 18F-choline PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging. METHODS: We prospectively examined 104 patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer after primary definitive treatment...

Altered copper metabolism in cancer has been linked to increased intracellular copper uptake mediated by human copper transporter 1, with [64Cu]Cu2+ as a potential biomarker for cancer theranostics. [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT though explored in various malignancies, a lack of standardized protocol exists, particularly regarding fasting status before imaging. This analysis aimed to evaluate the requirement of fasting for [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT along with temporal changes in physiological organ uptake in delayed scans. A total of 26 patients of prostate carcinoma who underwent [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT imaging were divided into two groups: (1) nonfasting (n = 12) and (2) fasting (n = 14)...

PURPOSE: Detection of osseous metastases by imaging can be challenging in patients with invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC). ILC may demonstrate low metabolic rate due to lower tumor cell density, decreased proliferation rate, diffuse infiltration of surrounding tissue, and low level of GLUT-1 expression. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in identifying bone metastases in ILC patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Out of 52 individuals diagnosed with lobular breast cancer and underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for evaluation of metastases, 21 patients were included in our study population after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria...

BACKGROUND: The radionuclide-labeled bevacizumab (BV) is a potential therapeutic approach for vascular endothelial growth factor overexpressed tumors. Because of its large molecular weight, BV is cleared slowly in vivo, which caused damage to healthy tissues and organs. On account of this situation, using the pretargeting strategy with DNA/RNA analogs, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA), is an effective way of treating solid tumors. METHODS: The BV-PNA conjugate (BV-PNA-1) was injected intravenously as the pretargeted probe, which was specifically accumulated in a solid tumor and gradually metabolically cleared...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and quantify the prevalence of increased uptake in SPECT/CT in symptomatic and asymptomatic foot and ankle joints in patients with osteoarthritis. METHODS: In 63 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), the painful symptomatic foot (SF) and asymptomatic contralateral foot (AF) were imaged with bone SPECT/CT. Presence, localization, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the active joints were assessed for SF and AF...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution and dosimetry of lutetium-177-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (177Lu-DOTA)-rituximab in CD20+ non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other hematological malignancies treated with rituximab. METHODS: The standard dosimetry protocol was used, with cold rituximab infusion, then a diagnostic activity of 177Lu-DOTA-rituximab. Planar images were acquired at multiple time points. Normal organs and tumor dosimetry were performed by using organ and tumor-specific regions of interest and whole-body counts were obtained serially after pixel matched, background, scatter, and attenuation correction...

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and compare the utility of baseline 18F-PSMA-1007 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/computed tomography (CT) derived volumetric parameters in initial risk stratification and prediction of prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. METHODS: Forty treatment-naïve, biopsy-proven intermediate-/high-risk PCa patients were prospectively recruited. Each patient underwent PET/CT with 68Ga-PSMA-11 and 18F-PSMA-1007 (within 2 weeks). The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) of primary tumor, prostate PSMA-tumor volume (PSMA-TVp), and prostate total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMAp) were measured...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this retrospective study was to identify the uptake patterns and suggest a quantitative method to detect hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) on fluorine-18 sodium fluoride ([18F]NaF) PET/computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Between January 2019 and December 2021, patients who underwent [18F]NaF PET/CT with a BMI of 30 and above, were included. Three nuclear medicine consultants reviewed the studies to determine the presence and identify the uptake patterns of HFI...