Journal of Periodontology

BACKGROUND: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the risk of tooth loss for teeth adjacent and nonadjacent to dental implants. METHODS: A total of 787 patients with an average follow-up of 57.1 months were examined to define the tooth loss, cumulative survival rate, and odds ratio (OR) for teeth adjacent versus nonadjacent to implants. A multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the association between dental history and various recorded etiologies of tooth loss among teeth adjacent to implants...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between peri-implant diseases and systemic inflammation assessed by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a sample of patients with hypertension. METHODS: A total of 151 participants with hypertension were included in a cross-sectional study. The population was divided into six groups according to their peri-implant and periodontal status (healthy controls, mucositis, peri-implantitis, periodontitis, periodontitis and mucositis, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis)...

BACKGROUND: Bone readiness for implant placement is typically evaluated by bone quality/density on 2-dimensional radiographs and cone beam computed tomography at an arbitrary time between 3 and 6 months after tooth extraction and alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). The aim of this study is to investigate if high-frequency ultrasound (US) can classify bone readiness in humans, using micro-CT as a reference standard to obtain bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BVTV) of healed sockets receiving ARP in humans...

BACKGROUND: Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts lead to generation of anti-MAA autoantibodies and have been independently identified in inflamed periodontal and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tissues. This study evaluates serum samples from RA cases and osteoarthritis (OA) controls to quantify associations between periodontal clinical measures, alveolar bone loss (ABL), and anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis, anti-Prevotella intermedia, and anti-Fusobacterium nucleatum antibody concentrations with anti-MAA antibody concentrations...

BACKGROUND: Teeth and supporting oral tissues are attractive and accessible sources of stem cells. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are readily isolated from extracted third molars, and exhibit the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell fates. Clinical experience suggests that the exact location of periodontal defects affects the oral bone remodeling and wound healing. Compared to the mandible, the maxilla heals quicker and more efficiently. Angiogenesis is key in tissue regeneration including dental tissues, yet few studies focus on the angiogenic potential of PDLSC, none of which considered the differences between upper and lower jaw PDLSC (u-PDLSC and l-PDLSC, respectively)...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the immune regulation and tissue remodeling responses during experimental gingivitis (EG) and naturally occurring gingivitis (NG) to provide a comprehensive analysis of host responses. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was obtained from 2 human studies conducted in university settings. METHODS: The EG study enrolling 26 volunteers provided controls for the baseline (Day 0) from healthy disease-free participants, while Day 21 (the end of EG induction of the same group) was used to represent EG...

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests the type of periodontal treatment could differentially influence the reduction of key cardiovascular risk mediators in periodontitis patients. This randomized, controlled clinical trial compared the impact of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) with quadrant-wise subgingival instrumentation (Q-SI) on C-reactive protein (CRP) together with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2 ) levels, and clinical periodontal outcomes in patients with periodontitis...

BACKGROUND: Gingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease among children and adolescents and is associated with disrupted host-microbiome homeostasis. Family is an important factor influencing the prevalence of gingivitis. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome, oral hygiene habits, and the salivary level of myeloid-related protein (MRP)-8/14 in children aged 7-12 years with gingivitis, periodontally healthy children, and their mothers. METHODS: This study included 24 children with gingivitis (including four sibling pairs) and 22 periodontally healthy children (including two sibling pairs) and their mothers...

BACKGROUND: Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota. METHODS: This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Overweight/obese participants (n = 14) entered an intermittent fasting program, specifically the 5:2 diet, in which they restricted caloric intake to about a quarter of the normal total daily caloric expenditure for two nonconsecutive days/week...

BACKGROUND: Periodontal diseases (PD) have been increasingly associated with several systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to gain insight into patients' awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases. METHODS: A survey was developed to analyze patient awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases. Descriptive and categorical variables were summarized with counts and percentages...

BACKGROUND: To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement. METHODS: Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization...

BACKGROUND: The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases. METHODS: Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis. METHODS: Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, Myd88+/+ ] and Myd88-/- on C57BL/6 background)...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients. METHODS: Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP...

BACKGROUND: To explore the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in periodontitis via in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS: The second upper molar of LIF knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were ligated for 8 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were examined in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subgingival microbiome in patients with grade C molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (C-MIP) affecting the primary or permanent dentitions. METHODS: DNA was isolated from subgingival biofilm samples from diseased and healthy sites from 45 C-MIP patients and subjected to phylogenetic microarray analysis. C-MIP sites were compared between children affected in the primary to those affected in the permanent dentitions...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effect of erbium, chromium doped:yttrium,scandium,gallium,garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser application combined with non-surgical mechanical debridement (MD) on clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in the treatment of peri-implantitis. METHODS: A total of 49 patients who underwent non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis were randomly divided into two groups...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and the patient perception of subgingival debridement with either guided biofilm management (GBM) or conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) during supportive periodontal care (SPC). METHODS: Forty-one patients in SPC were randomly assigned to either treatment with GBM or SRP every 6 months. The primary outcome was the percentage of bleeding on probing (BoP) at 1 year. Moreover, pocket probing depths (PPD), recession, and furcation involvements were also measured...

BACKGROUND: ChatGPT's (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) remarkable capacity to generate human-like output makes it an appealing learning tool for healthcare students worldwide. Nevertheless, the chatbot's responses may be subject to inaccuracies, putting forth an intense risk of misinformation. ChatGPT's capabilities should be examined in every corner of healthcare education, including dentistry and its specialties, to understand the potential of misinformation associated with the chatbot's use as a learning tool...

BACKGROUND: Self-reported measures of periodontitis developed for use in population surveillance are increasingly used in causal research. Numerous studies evaluate the validity of these measures against clinical parameters of periodontitis, yet few include validation parameters outside of multivariable models. Individual item validity is necessary to adequately inform use of these measures in causal research. METHODS: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 in which dentate participants completed full-mouth periodontal examinations (N = 6966)...