European Neurology

Introduction This study was conducted to assess the hypothesis that endovascular treatment in addition to medical treatment improve stroke mortality and post-stroke disability. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials in design and compared between endovascular treatment and medical therapy vs medical therapy alone in stroke management. Results The search yielded 22 articles that included 5,049 patients. The analysis showed significant association between the intervention and reduction in disability measured by Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (mRS=0-2) (OR=1...

INTRODUCTION: Sleep disorders are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and significantly impact quality of life. Herein, we surveyed the incidence and severity of sleep disorders in Chinese PD patients and observed their relationship with dopaminergic drugs. METHODS: We collected the demographic and disease information of 232 PD patients. The incidence and severity of sleep disorders were surveyed with the Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS) Chinese version. Data on dopaminergic drug intake was collected and converted to levodopa equivalent doses (LED)...

After a brilliant career as a clinician and anatomopathologist, André-Thomas (1868-1963) spent the last 30 years of his life validating the components of neurological examinations of newborns and infants. This novel approach was developed through long examinations of several hundreds of normal and sick children, notably those with anencephaly. By combining his vast knowledge of physiology with the results of his experimental work, André-Thomas built the foundations of a speciality that did not exist before his time: neuropaediatrics...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to explore the differences in status epilepticus (SE) management among pediatric neurology, emergency medicine and intensive care specialists in Turkey. METHODS: A 22-item questionnaire regarding first, second and third-line management strategies of SE including demographic characteristics and common etiologies according to speciality of participants was mailed to 370 specialists working in Turkey. RESULTS: A total of 334 participants (response rate 90%); with 136 pediatric neurologists, 102 pediatric emergency medicine and 96 pediatric intensive care specialists completed the survey...

INTRODUCTION: Smoking is an established risk factor for stroke. However, several studies have reported a better outcome after stroke for patients who smoke. According to this "smoking paradox" hypothesis, smoking might promote less severe strokes, higher collateral scores and smaller infarct cores. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we screened data of 2980 acute ischemic stroke patients with MCA-M1 occlusion treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Patients were categorized according to smoking status (current, former or never)...

INTRODUCTION: The gold standard for diagnosing Neurosyphilis (NS) is currently unavailable; various laboratory parameters in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood can assist in the diagnosis. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Studies utilizing laboratory tests to assist in the diagnosis of NS were included. The pooled indicators for diagnostic performance and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We used the Superiority Index to test the superiority of a diagnostic test...

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to investigate changes in the total cerebellar volume, subdivisions of the cerebellar volume, and intrinsic cerebellar network in patients with isolated Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) compared to health controls. METHODS: We enrolled patients with newly diagnosed iRBD and healthy controls who had no structural lesions according to their brain MRI. All participants underwent three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging...

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disease that secondarily leads to the axonal loss and associated brain atrophy. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) have previously been studied for their ability to affect specific immunity. This study investigates the effect of interferon beta-1a (INF) and glatiramer acetate (GA) administration on changes in innate immunity cell populations. METHODS: Sixty Caucasian female patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis undergo blood sample testing for 15 blood parameters at baseline, 1M, 3M and 6M after treatment by GA or IFN (started as their first line DMD)...

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Introduction Organophosphate and carbamate are two types of pesticides that can induce cholinesterase suppression in humans. These lead to poisoning symptoms including muscle paralysis and respiratory depression in acute settings. In chronic settings, the mechanism of organophosphate and carbamate poisoning is still openly discussed. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify any correlations between erythrocyte cholinesterase and associations between type of pesticides with cognitive performance of the subjects...

INTRODUCTION: Ingesting some foods can trigger headache attacks in migraine patients. Diet-sourced citrulline activates the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway, acting on the pathophysiology of migraine. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the ingestion of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) as an activating factor of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway and as a trigger for headache attacks in patients with migraine. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study was a clinical trial, interventional, controlled and with group comparison...

BACKGROUND: Over the past decades, marked progress has been made in detecting vascular dementia (VD) both through maturation of diagnostic concepts and advances in brain imaging, especially MRI. We summarized the imaging, genetic and pathological features of VD in this review. SUMMARY: It is a challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of VD, particularly in patients where there is no evident temporal relation between cerebrovascular events and cognitive dysfunction...

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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to analyze IL-33 maybe as a biomarker especially with respect to intrathecal immunoglobulin (IgG) synthesis which was involved in the immune -mediated process in the demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. METHODS: We aimed to determine the risk association of the serum and CSF levels of IL-33 in AQP4+NMOSD patients and MOGAD patients compared with the control group. Levels of inflammatory (IL-2，IL-4，IL-6 and IL-10) markers and QAlb, the IgG index and 24-hour IgG synthesis rate were assessed in 28 AQP4+NMOSD patients and 11 MOGAD patients...

The first author was a left-handed, 51-year-old nephrologist who experienced a neurologic event. She underwent neurosurgery complicated by hemorrhage. Post-operatively, she developed persistent vertigo and unilateral tongue pain which persisted for over five years. Early neuroimaging revealed expected encephalomalacia but no neuroanatomical basis for my symptoms. A functional neurological disorder was suspected, and she was seen by several psychiatrists and psychotherapists. However, she suspected a neuroanatomical lesion would better explain her unrelenting symptoms...

INTRODUCTION: Currently, it is still controversial to treat stroke with ticagrelor alone. The purpose of our study was to systematically review and analyze the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor on cerebrovascular outcomes in patients with vascular risk factors. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched using the keywords stroke, ticagrelor, clopidogrel, and aspirin to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT). Primary outcomes included reported stroke, ischemic stroke and complex events; the secondary outcome was hemorrhagic stroke...

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) could present in the early stage and worsen in the late stages. These changes could be a factor affecting the ability of daily living and quality of life of patients with PD. The primary objective of this study was to assess the respiratory function and its association with motor function in patients with different stages of PD. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Huashan Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai, China...

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BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular event with high mortality and disability rate. Neuroinflammation is involved in the brain injury after SAH, but the exact association between SAH progression and peripheral blood inflammatory factors is unknown. Therefore, to determine the relationship between inflammatory factors and the prognosis of SAH, we performed a meta-analysis. METHOD: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library...

Background - In the elderly, the association of delirium and dementia can cause diagnostic problems because they share the same symptom of confusion. Delirium is often misdiagnosed as dementia and treated inappropriately, ignoring that it could be successfully addressed, which can lead to increased health risks up to death. Summary - Confusion indicates that functional reserve fails to compensate for the action of stressors. The decline in reserve is linked to aging-related changes in blood flow, mitochondria, cerebrospinal fluid, and immune function, as well as the appearance of structural precursors of disease...