Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. Journal Canadien D'ophtalmologie

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a perceptual and adaptive learning module (PALM) for teaching the identification of 5 optic nerve findings. METHODS: Second- through fourth-year medical students were randomized to the PALM or a video didactic lecture. The PALM presented the learner with short classification tasks consisting of optic nerve images. Learner accuracy and response time guided the sequencing of successive tasks until mastery was achieved. The lecture was a narrated video designed to simulate a portion of a traditional medical school lecture...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the characteristics of malpractice lawsuits against Canadian ophthalmologists and the predisposing factors leading to claims. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: A systematic search of the 2 largest Canadian online legal databases, LexisNexis Canada and WestLawNext Canada, was performed to collect cases against ophthalmologists in Canadian courts from 1977 to 2021. RESULTS: This study comprised 68 legal cases, including 52 lawsuits, 14 cases appealed once, and 2 cases appealed twice...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: To report on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) discontinuation in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Treatment-naive nAMD patients initiating anti-VEGF injections between 2015 and 2021. METHODS: Demographics, treatment start and end dates, number of injections, treatment length, reason for discontinuation, and baseline and final data (i...

Conjunctival melanoma, a rare malignancy of the ocular surface, is increasing in incidence. When small, straightforward excision with "no touch" surgery and cryotherapy at an experienced centre can provide excellent outcomes. When advanced, management is more complex and highly individualized. The risk of metastatic disease from conjunctival melanoma is as high as 30% and depends on tumour origin, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification, biomarkers, and perhaps most important, management technique...

OBJECTIVE: Pentosan polysulphate (PPS; ELMIRON, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved oral medication for interstitial cystitis. Numerous reports have been published detailing retinal toxicity with the use of PPS. Studies characterizing this condition are primarily retrospective, and consequently, alert and screening systems need to be developed to actively screen for this disease. The goal of this study was to characterize ophthalmic monitoring trends of a PPS-using patient sample to construct an alert and screening system for monitoring this condition...

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the manifestations and treatment of extraocular muscle (EOM) bacterial pyomyositis. DESIGN: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines along with an additional case report. METHODS: PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for case reports and case series of EOM pyomyositis using the term "extraocular muscle" combined "pyomyositis" and "abscess". Patients were included as bacterial pyomyositis of the EOMs when there was a response to antibiotics alone or if a biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of initial tap and inject (T/I) compared with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for acute postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis following cataract surgery is unclear. Understanding the comparative safety and efficacy of initial T/I and initial PPV can provide context for treatment decision making in this setting. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed on Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to January 2021...

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for surgical failure after scleral buckling (SB) for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. DESIGN: Single-centre retrospective consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: All patients who underwent SB for repair of primary RRD at Wills Eye Hospital between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, were included. METHODS: Single-surgery anatomic success (SSAS) rate and risk factors associated with surgical failure were evaluated...

PURPOSE: To evaluate disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), as detected on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images, as a biomarker for diabetic macular edema (DME) activity, visual function, and prognosis in eyes with DME. DESIGN: Longitudinal prospective. METHODS: Post hoc correlation analyses were performed on data from a phase 2 clinical trial. Seventy-one eyes of 71 patients with treatment-naive DME received either suprachoroidally administered CLS-TA (proprietary formulation of a triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension) combined with intravitreal aflibercept or intravitreal aflibercept with a sham suprachoroidal injection procedure...

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PURPOSE: Investigate retinal characteristics of pathologic myopia (PM) among patients self-identifying as black. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort single-institution retrospective medical record review. METHODS: Adult patients between January 2005 and December 2014 with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes consistent with PM and given 5-year follow-up were evaluated. The study group consisted of patients self-identifying as black, and the comparison group consisted of those not self-identifying as black...

OBJECTIVE: To design and validate the first visual acuity (VA) chart in the Canadian Aboriginal syllabics (CAS) alphabet. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, within-subjects cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty Latin- and CAS-reading subjects were recruited from Ullivik, a residence in Montreal for Inuit patients. METHODS: VA charts were made in Latin and in CAS using letters conserved across Inuktitut, Cree, and Ojibwe languages...

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