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REVIEW
Derek Kellar, Suzanne Craft
Insulin is a peptide secreted by the pancreas and plays an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues. Although the role of insulin in the periphery is well understood, less is known about its multifactorial role in the brain. However, emerging evidence from human and animal studies indicate that insulin influences cerebral bioenergetics, enhances synaptic viability and dendritic spine formation, and increases turnover of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine. Insulin also has a role in proteostasis, influencing clearance of the amyloid β peptide and phosphorylation of tau, which are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease...
July 27, 2020: Lancet Neurology
#2
REVIEW
Mark A Ellul, Laura Benjamin, Bhagteshwar Singh, Suzannah Lant, Benedict Daniel Michael, Ava Easton, Rachel Kneen, Sylviane Defres, Jim Sejvar, Tom Solomon
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is of a scale not seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is with respiratory disease, neurological manifestations are being recognised increasingly. On the basis of knowledge of other coronaviruses, especially those that caused the severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome epidemics, cases of CNS and peripheral nervous system disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 might be expected to be rare...
July 2, 2020: Lancet Neurology
#3
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#4
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#5
REVIEW
Elsa Lauwers, Giovanna Lalli, Sebastian Brandner, John Collinge, Veerle Compernolle, Charles Duyckaerts, Gustaf Edgren, Stéphane Haïk, John Hardy, Adel Helmy, Adrian J Ivinson, Zane Jaunmuktane, Mathias Jucker, Richard Knight, Robin Lemmens, I-Chun Lin, Seth Love, Simon Mead, V Hugh Perry, James Pickett, Guy Poppy, Sheena E Radford, Frederic Rousseau, Carol Routledge, Giampietro Schiavo, Joost Schymkowitz, Dennis J Selkoe, Colin Smith, Dietmar R Thal, Tom Theys, Pierre Tiberghien, Peter van den Burg, Philippe Vandekerckhove, Clare Walton, Hans L Zaaijer, Henrik Zetterberg, Bart De Strooper
Studies in experimental animals show transmissibility of amyloidogenic proteins associated with prion diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Although these data raise potential concerns for public health, convincing evidence for human iatrogenic transmission only exists for prions and amyloid β after systemic injections of contaminated growth hormone extracts or dura mater grafts derived from cadavers. Even though these procedures are now obsolete, some reports raise the possibility of iatrogenic transmission of amyloid β through putatively contaminated neurosurgical equipment...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#6
REVIEW
Ralph H B Benedict, Maria Pia Amato, John DeLuca, Jeroen J G Geurts
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the CNS. Cognitive impairment is a sometimes neglected, yet common, sign and symptom with a profound effect on instrumental activities of daily living. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis varies across the lifespan and might be difficult to distinguish from other causes in older age. MRI studies show that widespread changes to brain networks contribute to cognitive dysfunction, and grey matter atrophy is an early sign of potential future cognitive decline...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#7
REVIEW
Francesca Siclari, Katja Valli, Isabelle Arnulf
Dreams are experiences that occur during sleep, while we are disconnected from the environment. Thanks to recent progress in neuroimaging techniques, it is now becoming possible to relate dream features to specific patterns of brain activity. Some conditions occurring in patients with neurological disorders, such as lucid dreams and parasomnias, not only have diagnostic value, but also offer a window into the dream process. They show that dreaming is reflected in physiological signals, behaviours, and brain activity patterns, and that the body can enact dream content...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#8
Emma Jones, Holger Hummerich, Emmanuelle Viré, James Uphill, Athanasios Dimitriadis, Helen Speedy, Tracy Campbell, Penny Norsworthy, Liam Quinn, Jerome Whitfield, Jacqueline Linehan, Zane Jaunmuktane, Sebastian Brandner, Parmjit Jat, Akin Nihat, Tze How Mok, Parvin Ahmed, Steven Collins, Christiane Stehmann, Shannon Sarros, Gabor G Kovacs, Michael D Geschwind, Aili Golubjatnikov, Karl Frontzek, Herbert Budka, Adriano Aguzzi, Hata Karamujić-Čomić, Sven J van der Lee, Carla A Ibrahim-Verbaas, Cornelia M van Duijn, Beata Sikorska, Ewa Golanska, Pawel P Liberski, Miguel Calero, Olga Calero, Pascual Sanchez-Juan, Antonio Salas, Federico Martinón-Torres, Elodie Bouaziz-Amar, Stéphane Haïk, Jean-Louis Laplanche, Jean-Phillipe Brandel, Phillipe Amouyel, Jean-Charles Lambert, Piero Parchi, Anna Bartoletti-Stella, Sabina Capellari, Anna Poleggi, Anna Ladogana, Maurizio Pocchiari, Serena Aneli, Giuseppe Matullo, Richard Knight, Saima Zafar, Inga Zerr, Stephanie Booth, Michael B Coulthart, Gerard H Jansen, Katie Glisic, Janis Blevins, Pierluigi Gambetti, Jiri Safar, Brian Appleby, John Collinge, Simon Mead
BACKGROUND: Human prion diseases are rare and usually rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disorders, the most common being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Variants in the PRNP gene that encodes prion protein are strong risk factors for sCJD but, although the condition has similar heritability to other neurodegenerative disorders, no other genetic risk loci have been confirmed. We aimed to discover new genetic risk factors for sCJD, and their causal mechanisms. METHODS: We did a genome-wide association study of sCJD in European ancestry populations (patients diagnosed with probable or definite sCJD identified at national CJD referral centres) with a two-stage study design using genotyping arrays and exome sequencing...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#9
Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira, Maria de Fatima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Álvaro José Porto Moreira, Maria Íris de Morais Machado, Roberta da Paz Melo, Raquel Medialdea-Carrera, Solange Dornelas Mesquita, Marcela Lopes Santos, Ravi Mehta, Rafael Ramos E Silva, Sonja E Leonhard, Mark Ellul, Anna Rosala-Hallas, Girvan Burnside, Lance Turtle, Michael J Griffiths, Bart C Jacobs, Maneesh Bhojak, Hugh J Willison, Lindomar José Pena, Carlos A Pardo, Ricardo A A Ximenes, Celina Maria Turchi Martelli, David W G Brown, Marli Tenório Cordeiro, Suzannah Lant, Tom Solomon
BACKGROUND: Since 2015, the arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) Zika and chikungunya have spread across the Americas causing outbreaks, accompanied by increases in immune-mediated and infectious neurological disease. The spectrum of neurological manifestations linked to these viruses, and the importance of dual infection, are not known fully. We aimed to investigate whether neurological presentations differed according to the infecting arbovirus, and whether patients with dual infection had a different disease spectrum or severity...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#10
Wim M Mulleners, Byung-Kun Kim, Miguel J A Láinez, Michel Lanteri-Minet, Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Shufang Wang, Antje Tockhorn-Heidenreich, Sheena K Aurora, Russell M Nichols, Laura Yunes-Medina, Holland C Detke
BACKGROUND: Many patients who require migraine preventive treatment have not been able to tolerate or have not responded to multiple previous preventive medications. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of galcanezumab, an antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide, in patients with migraine who had not benefited from preventive medications from two to four categories. METHODS: CONQUER was a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3b trial done at 64 sites (hospitals, clinics, or research centres) in 12 countries (Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, the Netherlands, South Korea, Spain, the UK, and the USA)...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#11
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#12
Ralph H B Benedict
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#13
Adrian Burton
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#14
LETTER
Donna R Roberts, Alexander C Stahn, Rachael D Seidler, Floris L Wuyts
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#15
LETTER
Jerrold L Vitek, Philip A Starr
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#16
LETTER
Lindsay S McAlpine, Adeel S Zubair, Jeremy Moeller, Joachim Baehring, Serena Spudich
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#17
LETTER
Raimund Helbok, Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou, Ettore Beghi, Shraddha Mainali, Jennifer Frontera, Courtney Robertson, Ericka Fink, Michelle Schober, Elena Moro, Molly McNett, Claudio L Bassetti
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#18
LETTER
Mikhal E Cohen, Roni Eichel, Bettina Steiner-Birmanns, Amir Janah, Maxim Ioshpa, Rachel Bar-Shalom, Jefri J Paul, Hanaa Gaber, Volha Skrahina, Natan M Bornstein, Gilad Yahalom
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#19
Carlo Condello, William F DeGrado, Stanley B Prusiner
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#20
Norman Poole, Ivana Rosenzweig
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
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