Lung cancer brain mets

PURPOSE: Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) can improve overall survival (OS) and suppress brain metastases (BM) in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) after complete response to primary therapy. However, PCI can be toxic. We sought to identify characteristics of patients who may not benefit from PCI. METHODS: We identified 658 patients who received chemoradiotherapy at MD Anderson in 1986-2012; 364 received PCI and 294 did not. Median follow-up time was 21...

BACKGROUND: Brain metastasis (BM) is a poor prognostic factor for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy and roles of combining temozolomide (TMZ) with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in protection neurocognitive function (NCF) and improvement quality of life (QOL) were investigated and compared with WBRT alone in the treatment of NSCLC patients with BM. METHODS: A total of 238 NSCLC patients with BM were reviewed and categorized into WBRT plus TMZ (RCT) arm and WBRT alone (RT), respectively...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze outcomes and identify prognostic factors in patients with cerebral metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) particularly, focusing on associations of biomarkers and systemic treatments. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 134 patients who underwent GKS for brain metastases due to NSCLC between January 2002 and December 2012. Representative biomarkers including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, K-ras mutation, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation status were investigated...

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is detected in 3-7% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Crizotinib is an ALK inhibitor, which was approved in 2011 for the treatment of ALK-positive lung cancer. Despite the initial enthusiasm, most of the patients develop resistance within the first year of treatment. The main mechanisms are secondary mutations and bypass track activation. Moreover, crizotinib has low penetration into the central nervous system. The need to overcome these limitations has led to the development of second-generation inhibitors that have better effectiveness against crizotinib-resistant mutations and brain metastases...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

In 2007, the rearrangement of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was identified to be associated with the pathogenesis of a subset of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surprisingly, approximately 4 years after the discovery of ALK rearrangement in lung cancer, the first-in-class ALK inhibitor (ALKi), crizotinib, was approved for metastatic ALK-rearranged NSCLC by the US Food and Drug Administration. Subsequently, next-generation ALKis, such as alectinib and ceritinib, have been developed, and some of them have been applied in the clinical setting...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.