collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30706171/is-cannabidiol-the-ideal-drug-to-treat-non-motor-parkinson-s-disease-symptoms
#21
REVIEW
José Alexandre S Crippa, Jaime E C Hallak, Antônio W Zuardi, Francisco S Guimarães, Vitor Tumas, Rafael G Dos Santos
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural disturbances, and rigidity. PD is also characterized by non-motor symptoms such as sleep disturbances, cognitive deficits, and psychiatric disorders such as psychosis, depression, and anxiety. The pharmacological treatment for these symptoms is limited in efficacy and induce significant adverse reactions, highlighting the need for better treatment options. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid devoid of the euphoriant and cognitive effects of tetrahydrocannabinol, and preclinical and preliminary clinical studies suggest that this compound has therapeutic effect in non-motor symptoms of PD...
February 2019: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31719244/regional-brain-susceptibility-to-neurodegeneration-what-is-the-role-of-glial-cells
#22
REVIEW
Andrea Beatriz Cragnolini, Giorgia Lampitella, Assunta Virtuoso, Immacolata Viscovo, Fivos Panetsos, Michele Papa, Giovanni Cirillo
The main pathological feature of the neurodegenerative diseases is represented by neuronal death that represents the final step of a cascade of adverse/hostile events. Early in the neurodegenerative process, glial cells (including astrocytes, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes) activate and trigger an insidious neuroinflammatory reaction, metabolic decay, blood brain barrier dysfunction and energy impairment, boosting neuronal death. How these mechanisms might induce selective neuronal death in specific brain areas are far from being elucidated...
May 2020: Neural Regeneration Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32149395/autophagy-in-neurodegeneration-new-insights-underpinning-therapy-for-neurological-diseases
#23
REVIEW
Olga Corti, Klas Blomgren, Anglo Poletti, Philip M Beart
In autophagy long-lived proteins, protein aggregates or damaged organelles are engulfed by vesicles called autophagosomes prior to lysosomal degradation. Autophagy dysfunction is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases in which misfolded proteins or dysfunctional mitochondria accumulate. Excessive autophagy can also exacerbate brain injury under certain conditions. In this review, we provide specific examples to illustrate the critical role played by autophagy in pathological conditions affecting the brain and discuss potential therapeutic implications...
March 9, 2020: Journal of Neurochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31536464/-buckets-early-observations-on-the-use-of-red-and-infrared-light-helmets-in-parkinson-s-disease-patients
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine L Hamilton, Hala El Khoury, David Hamilton, Frank Nicklason, John Mitrofanis
Background: Parkinson's disease is a well-known neurological disorder with distinct motor signs and non-motor symptoms. Objective: We report on six patients with Parkinson's disease that used in-house built photobiomodulation (PBM) helmets. Methods: We used "buckets" lined with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of wavelengths across the red to near-infrared range (i.e., 670, 810, and 850 nm; n  = 5) or an homemade intranasal LED device (660 nm; n  = 1). Progress was assessed by the patients themselves, their spouse, or their attending medical practitioners...
October 2019: Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29213975/evaluation-of-quality-of-life-and-psychological-aspects-of-parkinson-s-disease-patients-who-participate-in-a-support-group
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathalie Ribeiro Artigas, Vera Lúcia Widniczck Striebel, Arlete Hilbig, Carlos Roberto de Mello Rieder
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that can dramatically impair patient quality of life (QoL). Objective: To analyze the QoL, motor capacity, depression, anxiety and social phobia of individuals who attended a patient support group (PSG) compared to non-participants. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. The sample consisted of 20 individuals with PD who attended a PSG and another 20 PD patients who did not attend a support group for PD patients, serving as the control group (nPSG)...
July 2015: Dementia & Neuropsychologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25012756/gender-differences-on-motor-and-non-motor-symptoms-of-de-novo-patients-with-early-parkinson-s-disease
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Song, Zhuqin Gu, Jing An, Piu Chan
The affect of gender differences on clinical presentation of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. De novo PD subjects were recruited from a trial-based multicenter cohort in clinical sites of Chinese Parkinson Study Group. Demographic information, motor and non-motor symptom measurements were performed by face-to-face interview using specific scales. Scores and frequencies of symptoms were compared between male and female patients, and regression models were used to control the effects of age and disease duration...
December 2014: Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30625333/pre-conditioning-with-remote-photobiomodulation-modulates-the-brain-transcriptome-and-protects-against-mptp-insult-in-mice
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Varshika Ganeshan, Nicholas V Skladnev, Ji Yeon Kim, John Mitrofanis, Jonathan Stone, Daniel M Johnstone
Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM), which involves the application of low-intensity red to near-infrared light (600-1100 nm) to the head, provides neuroprotection in animal models of various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the absorption of light energy by the human scalp and skull may limit the utility of transcranial PBM in clinical contexts. We have previously shown that targeting light at peripheral tissues (i.e. "remote PBM") also provides protection of the brain in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease, suggesting remote PBM might be a viable alternative strategy for overcoming penetration issues associated with transcranial PBM...
February 21, 2019: Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30135947/remote-tissue-conditioning-is-neuroprotective-against-mptp-insult-in-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boaz Kim, John Mitrofanis, Jonathan Stone, Daniel M Johnstone
Current treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) are primarily symptomatic, leaving a need for treatments that mitigate disease progression. One emerging neuroprotective strategy is remote tissue conditioning, in which mild stress in a peripheral tissue (e.g. a limb) induces protection of life-critical organs such as the brain. We evaluated the potential of two remote tissue conditioning interventions - mild ischemia and photobiomodulation - in protecting the brain against the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPTP. Further, we sought to determine whether combining these two interventions provided any added benefit...
June 2018: IBRO Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29282614/update-on-molecular-imaging-in-parkinson-s-disease
#29
REVIEW
Zhen-Yang Liu, Feng-Tao Liu, Chuan-Tao Zuo, James B Koprich, Jian Wang
Advances in radionuclide tracers have allowed for more accurate imaging that reflects the actions of numerous neurotransmitters, energy metabolism utilization, inflammation, and pathological protein accumulation. All of these achievements in molecular brain imaging have broadened our understanding of brain function in Parkinson's disease (PD). The implementation of molecular imaging has supported more accurate PD diagnosis as well as assessment of therapeutic outcome and disease progression. Moreover, molecular imaging is well suited for the detection of preclinical or prodromal PD cases...
April 2018: Neuroscience Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29390878/neuroprotective-effects-of-betulin-in-pharmacological-and-transgenic-caenorhabditis-elegans-models-of-parkinson-s-disease
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chia-Wen Tsai, Rong-Tzong Tsai, Shih-Ping Liu, Chang-Shi Chen, Min-Chen Tsai, Shao-Hsuan Chien, Huey-Shan Hung, Shinn-Zong Lin, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Ru-Huei Fu
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common degenerative disorder of the central nervous system in the elderly. It is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, as well as by motor dysfunction. Although the causes of PD are not well understood, aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in neurons contributes to this disease. Current therapeutics for PD provides satisfactory symptom relief but not a cure. Treatment strategies include attempts to identify new drugs that will prevent or arrest the progressive course of PD by correcting disease-specific pathogenic process...
December 2017: Cell Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29497361/silencing-alpha-synuclein-in-mature-nigral-neurons-results-in-rapid-neuroinflammation-and-subsequent-toxicity
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew J Benskey, Rhyomi C Sellnow, Ivette M Sandoval, Caryl E Sortwell, Jack W Lipton, Fredric P Manfredsson
Human studies and preclinical models of Parkinson's disease implicate the involvement of both the innate and adaptive immune systems in disease progression. Further, pro-inflammatory markers are highly enriched near neurons containing pathological forms of alpha synuclein (α-syn), and α-syn overexpression recapitulates neuroinflammatory changes in models of Parkinson's disease. These data suggest that α-syn may initiate a pathological inflammatory response, however the mechanism by which α-syn initiates neuroinflammation is poorly understood...
2018: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29377008/blood-brain-barrier-breakdown-in-alzheimer-disease-and-other-neurodegenerative-disorders
#32
REVIEW
Melanie D Sweeney, Abhay P Sagare, Berislav V Zlokovic
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a continuous endothelial membrane within brain microvessels that has sealed cell-to-cell contacts and is sheathed by mural vascular cells and perivascular astrocyte end-feet. The BBB protects neurons from factors present in the systemic circulation and maintains the highly regulated CNS internal milieu, which is required for proper synaptic and neuronal functioning. BBB disruption allows influx into the brain of neurotoxic blood-derived debris, cells and microbial pathogens and is associated with inflammatory and immune responses, which can initiate multiple pathways of neurodegeneration...
March 2018: Nature Reviews. Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29298852/serum-caffeine-and-metabolites-are-reliable-biomarkers-of-early-parkinson-disease
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Motoki Fujimaki, Shinji Saiki, Yuanzhe Li, Naoko Kaga, Hikari Taka, Taku Hatano, Kei-Ichi Ishikawa, Yutaka Oji, Akio Mori, Ayami Okuzumi, Takahiro Koinuma, Shin-Ichi Ueno, Yoko Imamichi, Takashi Ueno, Yoshiki Miura, Manabu Funayama, Nobutaka Hattori
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the kinetics and metabolism of caffeine in serum from patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. METHODS: Levels of caffeine and its 11 metabolites in serum from 108 patients with PD and 31 age-matched healthy controls were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mutations in caffeine-associated genes were screened by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Serum levels of caffeine and 9 of its downstream metabolites were significantly decreased even in patients with early PD, unrelated to total caffeine intake or disease severity...
January 30, 2018: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28196453/near-infrared-spectroscopy-in-gait-disorders-is-it-time-to-begin
#34
REVIEW
Vera Gramigna, Giovanni Pellegrino, Antonio Cerasa, Simone Cutini, Roberta Vasta, Giuseppe Olivadese, Iolanda Martino, Aldo Quattrone
Walking is a complex motor behavior with a special relevance in clinical neurology. Many neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and stroke, are characterized by gait disorders whose neurofunctional correlates are poorly investigated. Indeed, the analysis of real walking with the standard neuroimaging techniques poses strong challenges, and only a few studies on motor imagery or walking observation have been performed so far. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is becoming an important research tool to assess functional activity in neurological populations or for special tasks, such as walking, because it allows investigating brain hemodynamic activity in an ecological setting, without strong immobility constraints...
May 2017: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27515029/therapies-for-parkinson-s-diseases-alternatives-to-current-pharmacological-interventions
#35
REVIEW
Song Li, Jie Dong, Cheng Cheng, Weidong Le
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder caused by the selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although PD has been heavily researched, the precise etiology and pathogenesis for PD are still inconclusive. Consequently, current pharmacological treatments for PD are largely symptomatic rather than preventive and there is still no cure for this disease nowadays. Moreover, nonmotor symptoms caused by intrinsic PD pathology or side effects induced by currently used pharmacological interventions are gaining increasing attention and urgently need to be treated due to their influence on quality of life...
November 2016: Journal of Neural Transmission
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25093424/can-phototherapy-ameliorate-the-progression-of-parkinson-s-disease
#36
EDITORIAL
Insoo Jang, Changho Han
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2014: Photomedicine and Laser Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26312893/mechanisms-underlying-apathy-in-parkinson-s-disease
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kinan Muhammed, Sanjay Manohar, Masud Husain
BACKGROUND: Apathy is a common syndrome observed in many neurological conditions, including in up to 70% of patients with Parkinson's disease. Mechanisms underlying apathy are poorly understood and clinically we lack robust, objective detection methods. We aimed to address this using novel objective measures of motivation and reward sensitivity in relation to apathy in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: Saccadic velocity and pupil modulation by reward were used as objective metrics of motivation in patients with Parkinson's disease...
February 26, 2015: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28729089/choreiform-dyskinesias-following-levodopa-treatment-of-parkinsonism-due-to-osmotic-demyelination-syndrome
#38
LETTER
Aaron de Souza, Rainha J de Souza
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2017: Parkinsonism & related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29053638/neuroprotective-surgical-strategies-in-parkinson-s-disease-role-of-preclinical-data
#39
REVIEW
Napoleon Torres, Jenny Molet, Cecile Moro, John Mitrofanis, Alim Louis Benabid
Although there have been many pharmacological agents considered to be neuroprotective therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, neurosurgical approaches aimed to neuroprotect or restore the degenerative nigrostriatal system have rarely been the focus of in depth reviews. Here, we explore the neuroprotective strategies involving invasive surgical approaches (NSI) using neurotoxic models 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which have led to clinical trials. We focus on several NSI approaches, namely deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, glial neurotrophic derived factor (GDNF) administration and cell grafting methods...
October 20, 2017: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29151169/parkinson-s-disease-experimental-models-and-reality
#40
REVIEW
Peizhou Jiang, Dennis W Dickson
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive movement disorder of adults and the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathologic diagnosis of PD requires moderate-to-marked neuronal loss in the ventrolateral substantia nigra pars compacta and α-synuclein (αS) Lewy body pathology. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration correlates with the Parkinsonian motor features, but involvement of other peripheral and central nervous system regions leads to a wide range of non-motor features...
January 2018: Acta Neuropathologica
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