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Sign Up#41
REVIEW
Sasitorn Siritho, Tanawin Nopsopon, Krit Pongpirul
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPE) has been recommended for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) as a rescue therapy after nonresponding from the high-dose steroid and as an early therapy in severe attacks. We performed a systematic review to evaluate whether therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is better than conventional intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients. METHODS: Systematic search was conducted in five databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials and observational studies of TPE compared to intravenous steroid in NMOSD patients with neurological or visual outcomes in English without publication date restriction...
December 2021: Journal of Neurology
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard James Stark
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2020: Practical Neurology
#43
REVIEW
Harald Hegen, Markus Reindl
In the past few years, acquired demyelinating syndromes of the central nervous system associated with antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have evolved into a new inflammatory disease entity distinct from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders or multiple sclerosis. The meticulous clinical description of patients with MOG IgG antibodies (MOG-IgG) has been achieved by development and use of highly specific cell-based assays. MOG-IgG associated disorders comprise a wide spectrum of syndromes ranging from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis predominantly in children to optic neuritis or myelitis mostly in adults...
2020: Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
#44
REVIEW
Trygve Holmøy, Rune Alexander Høglund, Zsolt Illes, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Øivind Torkildsen
BACKGROUND: Treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has so far been based on retrospective case series. The results of six randomized clinical trials including five different monoclonal antibodies targeting four molecules and three distinct pathophysiological pathways have recently been published. METHODS: Literature search on clinical trials and case studies in NMOSD up to July 10. 2020. RESULTS: We review mechanism of action, efficacy and side effects, and consequences for reproductive health from traditional immunosuppressants and monoclonal antibodies including rituximab, inebilizumab, eculizumab, tocilizumab and satralizumab...
December 2021: Journal of Neurology
#45
REVIEW
Hae Won Kim, Jeongho Hong, Jae Cheon Jeon
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Despite this, clear pathophysiology for AD has not been confirmed, and effective treatments are still not available. As AD results in a complex disease process for cognitive decline, various theories have been suggested as the cause of AD. Recently, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, as well as contributing to vascular dementia. Cerebral SVD refers to a varied group of diseases that affect cerebral small arteries and microvessels...
2020: Frontiers in Neurology
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Euripedes Gomes de Carvalho Neto, Matheus Ferreira Gomes, Mateus Damiani Monteiro, Barbara Maldotti Dalla Corte, Ana Maria Hoppe, Francisco Tellechea Rotta
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2020: Practical Neurology
#47
REVIEW
Leonardo Ulivi, Martina Squitieri, Hannah Cohen, Peter Cowley, David J Werring
All neurologists need to be able to recognise and treat cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). It is difficult to diagnose, partly due to its relative rarity, its multiple and various clinical manifestations (different from 'conventional' stroke, and often mimicking other acute neurological conditions), and because it is often challenging to obtain and interpret optimal and timely brain imaging. Although CVT can result in death or permanent disability, it generally has a favourable prognosis if diagnosed and treated early...
October 2020: Practical Neurology
#48
REVIEW
Ralph H B Benedict, Maria Pia Amato, John DeLuca, Jeroen J G Geurts
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the CNS. Cognitive impairment is a sometimes neglected, yet common, sign and symptom with a profound effect on instrumental activities of daily living. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis varies across the lifespan and might be difficult to distinguish from other causes in older age. MRI studies show that widespread changes to brain networks contribute to cognitive dysfunction, and grey matter atrophy is an early sign of potential future cognitive decline...
October 2020: Lancet Neurology
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ray Wynford-Thomas, Neil P Robertson
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2020: Journal of Neurology
#50
MULTICENTER STUDY
Shadi Yaghi, Tushar Trivedi, Nils Henninger, James Giles, Angela Liu, Muhammad Nagy, Ashutosh Kaushal, Idrees Azher, Brian Mac Grory, Hiba Fakhri, Kiersten Brown Espaillat, Syed Daniyal Asad, Hemanth Pasupuleti, Heather Martin, Jose Tan, Manivannan Veerasamy, Ava L Liberman, Charles Esenwa, Natalie Cheng, Khadean Moncrieffe, Iman Moeini-Naghani, Mithilesh Siddu, Erica Scher, Christopher R Leon Guerrero, Muhib Khan, Amre Nouh, Eva Mistry, Salah Keyrouz, Karen Furie
OBJECTIVE: Guidelines recommend initiating anticoagulation within 4 to 14 days after cardioembolic stroke. Data supporting this did not account for key factors potentially affecting the decision to initiate anticoagulation, such as infarct size, hemorrhagic transformation, or high-risk features on echocardiography. METHODS: We pooled data from stroke registries of 8 comprehensive stroke centers across the United States. We included consecutive patients admitted with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation...
October 2020: Annals of Neurology
#51
REVIEW
K M Bond, J C Benson, J K Cutsforth-Gregory, D K Kim, F E Diehn, C M Carr
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a condition characterized by low CSF volume secondary to leakage through a dural defect with no identifiable cause. Patients classically present with orthostatic headaches, but this symptom is not specific to spontaneous intracranial hypotension, and initial misdiagnosis is common. The most prominent features of spontaneous intracranial hypotension on intracranial MR imaging include "brain sag" and diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement, but these characteristics can be seen in several other conditions...
August 2020: AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
#52
REVIEW
Timothy Rittman
Neuroimaging for dementia has made remarkable progress in recent years, shedding light on diagnostic subtypes of dementia, predicting prognosis and monitoring pathology. This review covers some updates in the understanding of dementia using structural imaging, positron emission tomography (PET), structural and functional connectivity, and using big data and artificial intelligence. Progress with neuroimaging methods allows neuropathology to be examined in vivo, providing a suite of biomarkers for understanding neurodegeneration and for application in clinical trials...
November 2020: Journal of Neurology
#53
MULTICENTER STUDY
Céline Louapre, Nicolas Collongues, Bruno Stankoff, Claire Giannesini, Caroline Papeix, Caroline Bensa, Romain Deschamps, Alain Créange, Abir Wahab, Jean Pelletier, Olivier Heinzlef, Pierre Labauge, Laurent Guilloton, Guido Ahle, Mathilde Goudot, Kevin Bigaut, David-Axel Laplaud, Sandra Vukusic, Catherine Lubetzki, Jérôme De Sèze, Fayçal Derouiche, Ayman Tourbah, Guillaume Mathey, Marie Théaudin, François Sellal, Marie-Hélène Dugay, Helene Zéphir, Patrick Vermersch, Françoise Durand-Dubief, Romain Françoise, Géraldine Androdias-Condemine, Julie Pique, Pékès Codjia, Caroline Tilikete, Véronique Marcaud, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, Mikael Cohen, Aurelian Ungureanu, Elisabeth Maillart, Ysoline Beigneux, Thomas Roux, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Amandine Bordet, Yanica Mathieu, Frédérique Le Breton, Dalia Dimitri Boulos, Olivier Gout, Antoine Guéguen, Antoine Moulignier, Marine Boudot, Audrey Chardain, Sarah Coulette, Eric Manchon, Samar S. Ayache, Thibault Moreau, Pierre-Yves Garcia, Deiva Kumaran, Giovanni Castelnovo, Eric Thouvenot, Frederic Taithe, Julien Poupart, Arnaud Kwiatkowski, Gilles Defer, Nathalie Derache, Pierre Branger, Damien Biotti, Jonathan Ciron, Christine Clerc, Mathieu Vaillant, Laurent Magy, Alexis Montcuquet, Philippe Kerschen, Marc Coustans, Anne-Marie Guennoc, Bruno Brochet, Jean-Christophe Ouallet, Aurélie Ruet, Cécile Dulau, Sandrine Wiertlewski, Eric Berger, Dan Buch, Bertrand Bourre, Maud Pallix-Guiot, Aude Maurousset, Bertrand Audoin, Audrey Rico, Adil Maarouf, Gilles Edan, Jérémie Papassin, Dorothée Videt
Importance: Risk factors associated with the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are unknown. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) may modify the risk of developing a severe COVID-19 infection, beside identified risk factors such as age and comorbidities. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with MS and COVID-19 and identify factors associated with COVID-19 severity. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Covisep registry is a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study conducted in MS expert centers and general hospitals and with neurologists collaborating with MS expert centers and members of the Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques...
September 1, 2020: JAMA Neurology
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanjay Kishore, Margaret Hayden
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 383, Issue 8, August 2020.
June 26, 2020: New England Journal of Medicine
#55
REVIEW
J C A Edvinsson, A Viganò, A Alekseeva, E Alieva, R Arruda, C De Luca, N D'Ettore, I Frattale, M Kurnukhina, N Macerola, E Malenkova, M Maiorova, A Novikova, P Řehulka, V Rapaccini, O Roshchina, G Vanderschueren, L Zvaune, A P Andreou, K A Haanes
The fifth cranial nerve is the common denominator for many headaches and facial pain pathologies currently known. Projecting from the trigeminal ganglion, in a bipolar manner, it connects to the brainstem and supplies various parts of the head and face with sensory innervation. In this review, we describe the neuroanatomical structures and pathways implicated in the sensation of the trigeminal system. Furthermore, we present the current understanding of several primary headaches, painful neuropathies and their pharmacological treatments...
June 5, 2020: Journal of Headache and Pain
#56
REVIEW
Claude Steriade, Jeffrey Britton, Russell C Dale, Avi Gadoth, Sarosh R Irani, Jenny Linnoila, Andrew McKeon, Xiao-Qiu Shao, Viviana Venegas, Christian G Bien
Seizures are a well-recognized and often prominent manifestation of autoimmune encephalitic syndromes. Progress in detection of pathogenic neural autoantibodies has led to increased awareness of autoimmune causes of seizures. Clinical studies of patients with these autoantibodies have improved our understanding of the seizure characteristics, treatments, and seizure prognosis in these disorders. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Autoimmunity and Inflammation Taskforce proposes conceptual definitions for two main diagnostic entities: (a) acute symptomatic seizures secondary to autoimmune encephalitis, and (b) autoimmune-associated epilepsy, the latter of which suggests an enduring predisposition to seizures...
July 2020: Epilepsia
#57
REVIEW
Igor J Koralnik, Kenneth L Tyler
In less than 6 months, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide infecting nearly 6 million people and killing over 350,000. Initially thought to be restricted to the respiratory system, we now understand that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also involves multiple other organs, including the central and peripheral nervous system. The number of recognized neurologic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection is rapidly accumulating. These may result from a variety of mechanisms, including virus-induced hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable states, direct virus infection of the central nervous system (CNS), and postinfectious immune mediated processes...
July 2020: Annals of Neurology
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Quan-Xin Long, Xiao-Jun Tang, Qiu-Lin Shi, Qin Li, Hai-Jun Deng, Jun Yuan, Jie-Li Hu, Wei Xu, Yong Zhang, Fa-Jin Lv, Kun Su, Fan Zhang, Jiang Gong, Bo Wu, Xia-Mao Liu, Jin-Jing Li, Jing-Fu Qiu, Juan Chen, Ai-Long Huang
The clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been well described. We studied 37 asymptomatic individuals in the Wanzhou District who were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections but without any relevant clinical symptoms in the preceding 14 d and during hospitalization. Asymptomatic individuals were admitted to the government-designated Wanzhou People's Hospital for centralized isolation in accordance with policy1 ...
August 2020: Nature Medicine
#59
EDITORIAL
Sandra Amor, David Baker, Samia J Khoury, Klaus Schmierer, Gavin Giovanonni
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2020: Annals of Neurology
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selim R Benbadis, Sándor Beniczky, Edward Bertram, Stephanie MacIver, Solomon L Moshé
Despite the advances in imaging, EEG remains a critical test for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Not only can it confirm the diagnosis, but it can also clarify the type of epilepsy. There are many different types of EEG recordings depending on duration, the presence of video, and inpatient or outpatient setting, each with its pros and cons. Interictal epileptiform abnormalities are very specific to epilepsy, but they can be over-interpreted by inexperienced readers. In addition to diagnosis of epilepsy, EEG also has a role in the decision to discontinue treatment in seizure-free patients, and in assessing critically ill patients for possible status epilepticus and encephalopathies...
April 1, 2020: Epileptic Disorders: International Epilepsy Journal with Videotape
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