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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ping Li, Dongrui Cheng, Jiqiu Wen, Xuefeng Ni, Xue Li, Kenan Xie, Jinsong Chen
Objectives: To investigate the immunohistochemical features of different stages of BK virus allograft nephropathy (BKVN) and further elucidate the underlying immunological mechanism involved in the evolution of BKVN. Methods: Fifty-two renal transplant recipients with biopsy proven BKVN were retrospectively selected. According to the third edition of the American Society of Transplantation Infection guidelines, 10 patients were categorized as having mild BKVN (stage A), 25 were moderate (stage B) and 17 were severe (stage C)...
November 2019: Renal Failure
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeong-Hoon Lim, Jang-Hee Cho, Hee-Yeon Jung, Ji-Young Choi, Sun-Hee Park, Yong-Lim Kim, Hyung-Kee Kim, Seung Huh, Eun Sang Yoo, Dong-Il Won, Chan-Duck Kim
INTRODUCTION: HLA-incompatible (HLAi) and ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation (KT) has been on the increase over the last decade. However, there are wide variations in outcomes from these procedures. In this study we evaluated the graft and patient outcomes in incompatible KT and non-sensitized KT. METHODS: Patients who underwent KT between January 2012 and April 2018 were enrolled and reviewed. We divided kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) into five groups as follows: HLAi (n = 50); ABOi (n = 65); HLAi+ABOi (n = 5); control (n = 428); and living-donor control (LD control, n = 218)...
2019: PloS One
#43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng Zhang, Yue Yang, Shi-Min Jiang, Wen-Ge Li
BACKGROUND: Immunosuppressive agents have been widely used in the treatment of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but the efficacy and safety remain controversial. The recent STOP-IgAN and TESTING studies have again focused attention on the application of immunosuppressive agents in IgAN. This study investigated the benefits and risks of immunosuppressive agents in IgAN. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and article reference lists were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing immunosuppressive agents with any other non-immunosuppressive agents for treating IgAN...
August 27, 2019: BMC Nephrology
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REVIEW
Ibrahim Kashoor, Daniel Batlle
Proximal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is caused by a defect in bicarbonate (HCO3 - ) reabsorption in the kidney proximal convoluted tubule. It usually manifests as normal anion-gap metabolic acidosis due to HCO3 - wastage. In a normal kidney, the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and more distal nephron segments reclaim all of the HCO3 - not absorbed by the proximal tubule. Bicarbonate wastage seen in type II RTA indicates that the proximal tubular defect is severe enough to overwhelm the capacity for HCO3 - reabsorption beyond the proximal tubule...
September 30, 2019: Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seohyun Park, Hyung Woo Kim, Jung Tak Park, Tae Ik Chang, Ea Wha Kang, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Tae-Hyun Yoo, Ho Jun Chin, Hyeon Joo Jeong, Shin-Wook Kang, Beom Jin Lim, Seung Hyeok Han
BACKGROUND: Complement activation has been highlighted in immunoglobulin (Ig) A nephropathy pathogenesis. However, whether the complement system can affect the downstream phenotype of IgA nephropathy remains unknown. Herein, we investigated the association of mesangial C3 deposition with the Oxford classification and their joint effects on worsening kidney function. METHODS: We investigated 453 patients with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy. C3 deposition was defined as an immunofluorescence intensity of C3 ≥2+ within the mesangium...
December 4, 2020: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sean J Barbour, John Feehally
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1, 2020: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
#47
Marius Sidler, Nilufar Mohebbi, Ewout J Hoorn, Carsten A Wagner
BACKGROUND: Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) can be inherited or acquired. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we describe the case of a 45-year-old female patient with non-anion gap metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and alkaline urine. She had a history of rheumatoid arthritis and kidney stones and failed to acidify urine upon the fludrocortisone and furosemide test. Therefore, the diagnosis of dRTA secondary to an autoimmune disease was made. A kidney biopsy was examined for markers of acid-secretory intercalated cells...
2019: Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
#48
EDITORIAL
Horacio J Adrogué, Nicolaos E Madias
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 2019: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
#49
REVIEW
Bernard Canaud, Jeroen Kooman, Nicholas M Selby, Maarten Taal, Susan Francis, Pascal Kopperschmidt, Andreas Maierhofer, Peter Kotanko, Jens Titze
Space medicine and new technology such as magnetic resonance imaging of tissue sodium stores (23 NaMRI) have changed our understanding of human sodium homeostasis and pathophysiology. It has become evident that body sodium comprises 3 main components. Two compartments have been traditionally recognized, namely one that is circulating and systemically active via its osmotic action, and one slowly exchangeable pool located in the bones. The third, recently described pool represents sodium stored in skin and muscle interstitium, and it is implicated in cell and biologic activities via local hypertonicity and sodium clearance mechanisms...
February 2019: Kidney International
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mamta Puraswani, Priyanka Khandelwal, Himanshi Saini, Savita Saini, Bahadur Singh Gurjar, Aditi Sinha, Rajashri Pramod Shende, Tushar Kanti Maiti, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Uma Kanga, Uma Ali, Indira Agarwal, Kanav Anand, Narayan Prasad, Padmaraj Rajendran, Rajiv Sinha, Anil Vasudevan, Anita Saxena, Sanjay Agarwal, Pankaj Hari, Arvind Sahu, Satyajit Rath, Arvind Bagga
Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), an important cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. Autoantibodies to factor H (FH), a chief regulator of this pathway, account for a distinct subgroup. While high anti-FH titers predict relapse, they do not correlate well with disease activity and their functional characterization is required. Methods: Of 781 patients <18-year-old of aHUS in the nationwide database from 2007 to 2018, 436 (55...
2019: Frontiers in Immunology
#51
REVIEW
Georg A Böhmig, Farsad Eskandary, Konstantin Doberer, Philip F Halloran
Late antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a cardinal cause of kidney allograft failure, manifesting as a continuous and, in contrast with early rejection, often clinically silent alloimmune process. While significant progress has been made towards an improved understanding of its molecular mechanisms and the definition of diagnostic criteria, there is still no approved effective treatment. In recent small randomized controlled trials, therapeutic strategies with promising results in observational studies, such as proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, anti-C5 antibody eculizumab, or high dose intravenous immunoglobulin plus rituximab, had no significant impact in late and/or chronic ABMR...
August 2019: Transplant International
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Audrey Uffing, Luis G Hidalgo, Ciaran McMullan, Jacqueline Perry, Edgar L Milford, Naoka Murakami, Melissa Y Yeung, Indira Guleria, Isabelle G Wood, Enver Akalin, Jamil Azzi, Anil K Chandraker, Leonardo V Riella
Background: Many kidney transplant centers in the United States report both HLA class I and II antibodies detected by sensitive solid-phase assays (SPAs) to United Network for Organ Sharing as unacceptable antigens, significantly reducing the compatible donor organ pool and prolonging waiting time for highly sensitized patients. However, the clinical relevance of all detected donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) by SPA is not unequivocal, because fluorescence intensity does not always accurately reflect antibody pathogenicity...
May 2019: Transplantation Direct
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Michielsen, Bram W Wisse, Elena G Kamburova, Marianne C Verhaar, Irma Joosten, Wil A Allebes, Arnold van der Meer, Luuk B Hilbrands, Marije C Baas, Eric Spierings, Cornelis E Hack, Franka E van Reekum, Michiel L Bots, Adriaan C A D Drop, Loes Plaisier, Marc A J Seelen, Jan-Stephan F Sanders, Bouke G Hepkema, Annechien J Lambeck, Laura B Bungener, Caroline Roozendaal, Marcel G J Tilanus, Christien E Voorter, Lotte Wieten, Elizabeth M van Duijnhoven, Mariëlle Gelens, Maarten H L Christiaans, Frans J van Ittersum, Shaikh A Nurmohamed, Neubury M Lardy, Wendy Swelsen, Karlijn A van der Pant, Neelke C van der Weerd, Ineke J M Ten Berge, Frederike J Bemelman, Andries Hoitsma, Paul J M van der Boog, Johan W de Fijter, Michiel G H Betjes, Sebastiaan Heidt, Dave L Roelen, Frans H Claas, Henderikus G Otten, Arjan D van Zuilen
BACKGROUND: Pre-transplant donor-specific anti-human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs) are associated with impaired kidney graft survival while the clinical relevance of non-donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (nDSAs) is more controversial. The aim of the present paired kidney graft study was to compare the clinical relevance of DSAs and nDSAs. METHODS: To eliminate donor and era-dependent factors, a post hoc paired kidney graft analysis was performed as part of a Dutch multicentre study evaluating all transplantations between 1995 and 2005 with available pre-transplant serum samples...
June 1, 2019: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jesmar Buttigieg, Hatem Ali, Ajay Sharma, Ahmed Halawa
The presence of pre-formed donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) in kidney transplantation is associated with worse overall outcomes compared with DSA-negative transplantation. A positive complement-dependant cytotoxic crossmatch presents a high immunological risk, while a negative flow cytometry crossmatch is at the lower end of the risk spectrum. Yet, the presence of low-level DSA detected by Luminex alone, that is, positive Luminex and negative flow (PLNF) cytometry crossmatch lacks robust scientific exploration...
November 1, 2019: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
#55
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tina Dalianis, Britt-Marie Eriksson, Marie Felldin, Vanda Friman, Anna-Lena Hammarin, Maria Herthelius, Per Ljungman, Johan Mölne, Lars Wennberg, Lisa Swartling
BK-virus (BKV) associated nephropathy (BKVAN) and BKV associated haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) are complications of BKV infection/reactivation in renal and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients, respectively. The task of how to manage these diseases was given to the chair by the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV). After individual contributions by members of the working group, consensus discussions were held in a meeting on 23 January 2018 arranged by RAV. Thereafter, the recommendations were published in Swedish on November 2018...
July 2019: Infectious Diseases
#56
REVIEW
Dana V Rizk, Nicolas Maillard, Bruce A Julian, Barbora Knoppova, Todd J Green, Jan Novak, Robert J Wyatt
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and a common cause of end-stage renal disease. Evaluation of a kidney biopsy is necessary for diagnosis, with routine immunofluorescence microscopy revealing dominant or co-dominant IgA immunodeposits usually with complement C3 and sometimes IgG and/or IgM. IgA nephropathy reduces life expectancy by more than 10 years and leads to kidney failure in 20-40% of patients within 20 years of diagnosis. There is accumulating clinical, genetic, and biochemical evidence that complement plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy...
2019: Frontiers in Immunology
#57
REVIEW
Agnes Trautmann, Beata S Lipska-Ziętkiewicz, Franz Schaefer
Background: Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a rare condition, accounting for 10-15% of all children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. SRNS can be caused by genetic abnormalities or immune system dysfunction. The prognosis of SRNS varies from permanent remission to progression to end-stage kidney disease, and post-transplant recurrence is common. Objectives: The PodoNet registry project aims to explore the demographics and phenotypes of immune-mediated and genetic forms of childhood SRNS, to assess genotype-phenotype correlations, to evaluate clinical management and long-term outcomes, and to search for novel genetic entities and diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in SRNS...
2018: Frontiers in Pediatrics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentin Amrhein, Sander Greenland, Blake McShane
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2019: Nature
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adela Urisarri, Marta Gil, Natalia Mandiá, Luís Aldamiz-Echevarría, Roca Iria, Domingo González-Lamuño, María-Luz Couce
To evaluate the prognostic significance of factors frequently associated with a reduction in renal mass, such as prematurity, low birth weight, and congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), in patients with solitary functioning kidney (SFK) and investigate signs of early renal injury due to glomerular hyperfiltration damage or dysplasia in the remaining kidney.Retrospective observational study of congenital SFK diagnosed and followed at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 10 years in which 32,900 newborns underwent routine neonatal abdominal ultrasound screening...
August 2018: Medicine (Baltimore)
#60
REVIEW
Paolo Malvezzi, Thomas Jouve, Johan Noble, Lionel Rostaing
The number of kidney transplant candidates is increasing sharply. Among them, at least 20% are HLA sensitized. For these patients, in the setting of both living- and deceased-donor kidney transplant, we may face donor-specific alloantibodies at pretransplant. In such cases, the microlymphocytotoxicity crossmatch may or may not be positive. Kidney transplant with donor-specific antibodies at pretransplant is known as HLA-incompatible transplant. At present, we can use many methods to ensure that the kidney transplant is successful, provided that the recipient is desensitized before or after transplant...
August 2018: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation
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