collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29851417/carbohydrates-and-cognitive-function
#1
REVIEW
Misty A W Hawkins, Natalie G Keirns, Zachary Helms
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent evidence documents the negative impact of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other metabolic dysregulation on neurocognitive function. This review highlights a key dietary factor in these relationships: refined carbohydrates. RECENT FINDINGS: Chronic consumption of refined carbohydrates has been linked to relative neurocognitive deficits across the lifespan. Hippocampal function is especially impacted, but prefrontal and mesolimbic reward pathways may also be altered...
July 2018: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26076205/a-substance-called-food-long-term-psychodynamic-group-treatment-for-compulsive-overeating
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deborah C Schwartz, Marcia S Nickow, Ric Arseneau, Mary T Gisslow
Obesity has proven difficult to treat. Many approaches neglect to address the deep-rooted underlying psychological issues. This paper describes a psychodynamically oriented approach to treating compulsive overeating as an addiction. Common to all addictions is a compulsion to consume a substance or engage in a behavior, a preoccupation with using behavior and rituals, and a lifestyle marked by an inability to manage the behavior and its harmful consequences. The approach represents a shift away from primarily medical models of intervention to integrated models focusing on the psychological underpinnings of obesity...
July 2015: International Journal of Group Psychotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26026787/muscarinic-but-not-nicotinic-acetylcholine-receptor-blockade-in-the-ventral-tegmental-area-attenuates-cue-induced-sucrose-seeking
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nii A Addy, Eric J Nunes, Robert J Wickham
The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system is known to play a role in cue-mediated reward-seeking for natural rewards and drugs of abuse. Specifically, cholinergic and glutamatergic receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have been shown to regulate cue-induced drug-seeking. However, the potential role of these VTA receptors in regulating cue-induced reward seeking for natural rewards is unknown. Here, we examined whether blockade of VTA acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) would alter cue-induced sucrose seeking in male Sprague-Dawley rats...
September 15, 2015: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26011513/hedonic-sensitivity-to-natural-rewards-is-affected-by-prenatal-stress-in-a-sex-dependent-manner
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marie-Line Reynaert, Jordan Marrocco, Jérôme Mairesse, Luana Lionetto, Maurizio Simmaco, Lucie Deruyter, Delphine Allorge, Anna Moles, Anna Pittaluga, Stefania Maccari, Sara Morley-Fletcher, Gilles Van Camp, Ferdinando Nicoletti
Palatable food is a strong activator of the reward circuitry and may cause addictive behavior leading to eating disorders. How early life events and sex interact in shaping hedonic sensitivity to palatable food is largely unknown. We used prenatally restraint stressed (PRS) rats, which show abnormalities in the reward system and anxious/depressive-like behavior. Some of the hallmarks of PRS rats are known to be sex-dependent. We report that PRS enhanced and reduced milk chocolate-induced conditioned place preference in males and females, respectively...
November 2016: Addiction Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25629881/pharmacotherapy-of-binge-eating-disorder-a-review
#5
REVIEW
Arianna Goracci, Silvia di Volo, Francesco Casamassima, Simone Bolognesi, Jim Benbow, Andrea Fagiolini
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of pharmacotherapy for binge eating disorder, including new therapeutic approaches such as centrally acting sympathomimetics, nootropics, lisdexamfetamine, and substance abuse treatment agents such as acamprosate, sodium oxybate, baclofen, and naltrexone. METHODS: The study was conducted by searching the MEDLINE database using the keywords "binge eating disorder," "obesity," and "pharmacological therapy...
January 2015: Journal of Addiction Medicine
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