collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28052623/prevention-and-treatment-of-variceal-haemorrhage-in-2017
#1
REVIEW
Felix Brunner, Annalisa Berzigotti, Jaime Bosch
Variceal haemorrhage is a major complication of portal hypertension that still causes high mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Improved knowledge of the pathophysiology of portal hypertension has recently led to a more comprehensive approach to prevent all the complications of this condition. Thus, optimal treatment of portal hypertension requires a strategy that takes into account the clinical stage of the disease and all the major variables that affect the risk of progression to the next stage and death...
January 2017: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27122672/predictors-of-poor-outcome-in-gastrointestinal-bleeding-in-emergency-department
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ender Kaya, Mehmet Ali Karaca, Deniz Aldemir, M Mahir Ozmen
AIM: To determine the prognostic risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding in emergency department cases. METHODS: The trial was a retrospective single-center study involving 600 patients over 18-years-old and carried out with approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Patient data included demographic characteristics, symptoms at admission, past medical history, vital signs, laboratory results, endoscopy and colonoscopy results, length of hospital stay, need of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality...
April 28, 2016: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26925883/acg-clinical-guideline-management-of-patients-with-acute-lower-gastrointestinal-bleeding
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa L Strate, Ian M Gralnek
This guideline provides recommendations for the management of patients with acute overt lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Hemodynamic status should be initially assessed with intravascular volume resuscitation started as needed. Risk stratification based on clinical parameters should be performed to help distinguish patients at high- and low-risk of adverse outcomes. Hematochezia associated with hemodynamic instability may be indicative of an upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding source and thus warrants an upper endoscopy...
April 2016: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24535015/histamine-2-receptor-antagonists-vs-proton-pump-inhibitors-on-gastrointestinal-tract-hemorrhage-and-infectious-complications-in-the-intensive-care-unit
#4
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Robert MacLaren, Paul M Reynolds, Richard R Allen
IMPORTANCE Histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used to prevent gastrointestinal tract (GI) hemorrhage in critically ill patients. The stronger acid suppression of PPIs may reduce the rate of bleeding but enhance infectious complications, specifically pneumonia and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the occurrence and risk factors for GI hemorrhage, pneumonia, and CDI in critically ill patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A pharmacoepidemiological cohort study was conducted of adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation for 24 hours or more and administered either an H2RA or PPI for 48 hours or more while intubated across 71 hospitals between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2008...
April 2014: JAMA Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23281973/transfusion-strategies-for-acute-upper-gastrointestinal-bleeding
#5
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Càndid Villanueva, Alan Colomo, Alba Bosch, Mar Concepción, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Carles Aracil, Isabel Graupera, María Poca, Cristina Alvarez-Urturi, Jordi Gordillo, Carlos Guarner-Argente, Miquel Santaló, Eduardo Muñiz, Carlos Guarner
BACKGROUND: The hemoglobin threshold for transfusion of red cells in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding is controversial. We compared the efficacy and safety of a restrictive transfusion strategy with those of a liberal transfusion strategy. METHODS: We enrolled 921 patients with severe acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and randomly assigned 461 of them to a restrictive strategy (transfusion when the hemoglobin level fell below 7 g per deciliter) and 460 to a liberal strategy (transfusion when the hemoglobin fell below 9 g per deciliter)...
January 3, 2013: New England Journal of Medicine
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