Radiologia

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancers typically have younger age of onset, limited tobacco exposure, and more favorable prognosis than HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers. We assessed whether HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers have consistent differences in pretreatment imaging characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 136 pretreatment CT examinations of paired HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers matched for T stage, tumor subsite, and smoking status was performed with the reviewing radiologist blinded to HPV status and clinical stage...

Detecting a new area of contrast-enhancement at MRI after irradiation of malignant brain tumor arises the problem of differential diagnosis between tumor recurrence and radiation necrosis induced by the treatment. The challenge for imaging is to distinguish the two diagnoses given: the prognostic and therapeutic issues. Various criteria have been proposed in the literature based on morphological, functional or metabolic MRI. The purpose of this study was to perform an analysis of these tools to identify MRI best criteria to differentiate radiation necrosis lesions from malignant gliomas and brain metastases recurrence...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a method of choice for follow-up of irradiated brain metastasis. It is difficult to differentiate local tumour recurrences from radiation induced-changes in case of suspicious contrast enhancement. New advanced MRI techniques (perfusion and spectrometry) and amino acid positron-emission tomography (PET) allow to be more accurate and could avoid a stereotactic biopsy for histological assessment, the only reliable but invasive method. We report the case of a patient who underwent surgery for a single, left frontal brain metastasis of a breast carcinoma, followed by adjuvant stereotactic radiotherapy in the operative bed...