collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21228246/randomized-study-of-basal-bolus-insulin-therapy-in-the-inpatient-management-of-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-undergoing-general-surgery-rabbit-2-surgery
#1
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Guillermo E Umpierrez, Dawn Smiley, Sol Jacobs, Limin Peng, Angel Temponi, Patrick Mulligan, Denise Umpierrez, Christopher Newton, Darin Olson, Monica Rizzo
OBJECTIVE: The optimal treatment of hyperglycemia in general surgical patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is not known. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This randomized multicenter trial compared the safety and efficacy of a basal-bolus insulin regimen with glargine once daily and glulisine before meals (n = 104) to sliding scale regular insulin (SSI) four times daily (n = 107) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing general surgery. Outcomes included differences in daily blood glucose (BG) and a composite of postoperative complications including wound infection, pneumonia, bacteremia, and respiratory and acute renal failure...
February 2011: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27879993/randomized-clinical-trial-of-preoperative-skin-antisepsis-with-chlorhexidine-gluconate-or-povidone-iodine
#2
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
H M Park, S-S Han, E C Lee, S D Lee, H M Yoon, B W Eom, S H Kim, K W Ryu, S-J Park, Y W Kim, B Park
BACKGROUND: Skin antiseptic agents are used to prevent surgical-site infection (SSI); few trials have reported the superiority of any specific agent in clean-contaminated abdominal surgery. This RCT was designed to compare the effectiveness of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone-iodine. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent clean-contaminated upper gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary-pancreatic open surgery between 2011 and 2014 were assigned randomly to either chlorhexidine gluconate or povidone-iodine...
January 2017: British Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27901277/negative-pressure-wound-therapy-for-prevention-and-treatment-of-surgical-site-infections-after-vascular-surgery
#3
REVIEW
S Acosta, M Björck, A Wanhainen
BACKGROUND: Indications for negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in vascular surgical patients are expanding. The aim of this review was to outline the evidence for NPWT on open and closed wounds. METHODS: A PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library search from 2007 to June 2016 was performed combining the medical subject headings terms 'wound infection', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)', 'fasciotomy', 'vascular surgery' and 'NPWT' or 'VAC'. RESULTS: NPWT of open infected groin wounds was associated with shorter duration of wound healing by 47 days, and was more cost-effective than alginate dressings in one RCT...
January 2017: British Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27901264/meta-analysis-of-lower-perioperative-blood-glucose-target-levels-for-reduction-of-surgical-site-infection
#4
REVIEW
F E E de Vries, S L Gans, J S Solomkin, B Allegranzi, M Egger, E P Dellinger, M A Boermeester
BACKGROUND: There is a clear association between hyperglycaemia and surgical-site infection (SSI). Intensive glucose control may involve a risk of hypoglycaemia, which in turn results in potentially severe complications. A systematic review was undertaken of studies comparing intensive versus conventional glucose control protocols in relation to reduction of SSI and other outcomes, including hypoglycaemia, mortality and stroke. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL and WHO databases from 1 January 1990 to 1 August 2015 were searched...
January 2017: British Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27926575/prophylactic-negative-pressure-dressing-use-in-closed-laparotomy-wounds-following-abdominal-operations-a-randomized-controlled-open-label-trial-the-p-i-c-o-trial
#5
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Donal Peter O'Leary, Colin Peirce, Breffini Anglim, Michael Burton, Elizabeth Concannon, Marguerite Carter, Kevin Hickey, John Calvin Coffey
OBJECTIVE: A randomized controlled trial was undertaken to investigate the effect of prophylactic negative pressure dressings on postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) rates in closed laparotomy wounds. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Laparotomy wounds are associated with high rates of SSI. The effect of prophylactic negative pressure dressing of closed incisional wounds on SSI rate is unknown. METHODS: A randomized, controlled, open-label trial was conducted (clinicaltrials...
June 2017: Annals of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27325300/evidence-based-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-2015
#6
REVIEW
Katsuhiko Iwakiri, Yoshikazu Kinoshita, Yasuki Habu, Tadayuki Oshima, Noriaki Manabe, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Akihito Nagahara, Osamu Kawamura, Ryuichi Iwakiri, Soji Ozawa, Kiyoshi Ashida, Shuichi Ohara, Hideyuki Kashiwagi, Kyoichi Adachi, Kazuhide Higuchi, Hiroto Miwa, Kazuma Fujimoto, Motoyasu Kusano, Yoshio Hoshihara, Tatsuyuki Kawano, Ken Haruma, Michio Hongo, Kentaro Sugano, Mamoru Watanabe, Tooru Shimosegawa
As an increase in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been reported in Japan, and public interest in GERD has been increasing, the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology published the Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for GERD (1st edition) in 2009. Six years have passed since its publication, and there have been a large number of reports in Japan concerning the epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and Barrett's esophagus during this period. By incorporating the contents of these reports, the guidelines were completely revised, and a new edition was published in October 2015...
August 2016: Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27569431/ventral-hernia-patient-selection-treatment-and-management
#7
REVIEW
Julie L Holihan, Zeinab M Alawadi, Jennifer W Harris, John Harvin, Shinil K Shah, Christopher J Goodenough, Lillian S Kao, Mike K Liang, J Scott Roth, Peter A Walker, Tien C Ko
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2016: Current Problems in Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27759621/antibiotics-versus-surgical-therapy-for-uncomplicated-appendicitis-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-controlled-trials-prospero-2015-crd42015016882
#8
REVIEW
Julian C Harnoss, Isabelle Zelienka, Pascal Probst, Kathrin Grummich, Catharina Müller-Lantzsch, Jonathan M Harnoss, Alexis Ulrich, Markus W Büchler, Markus K Diener
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate available evidence regarding effectiveness and safety of surgical versus conservative treatment of acute appendicitis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There is ongoing debate on the merits of surgical and conservative treatment for acute appendicitis. METHODS: A systematic literature search (Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase) and hand search of retrieved reference lists up to January 2016 was conducted to identify randomized and nonrandomized studies...
May 2017: Annals of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27793458/nonoperative-management-of-appendicitis-in-adults-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#9
REVIEW
John M Findlay, Jihène El Kafsi, Clare Hammer, Jeffrey Gilmour, Richard S Gillies, Nicholas D Maynard
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2016: Journal of the American College of Surgeons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27743024/pediatric-appendicitis-state-of-the-art-review
#10
REVIEW
Rebecca M Rentea, Shawn D St Peter, Charles L Snyder
Appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in children. The diagnosis and treatment of the disease have undergone major changes in the past two decades, primarily as a result of the application of an evidence-based approach. Data from several randomized controlled trials, large database studies, and meta-analyses have fundamentally affected patient care. The best diagnostic approach is a standardized clinical pathway with a scoring system and selective imaging. Non-operative management of simple appendicitis is a reasonable option in selected cases, with the caveat that data in children remain limited...
March 2017: Pediatric Surgery International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27863889/same-day-discharge-in-laparoscopic-acute-non-perforated-appendectomy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Scott, Shant Shekherdimian, Joshua D Rouch, Greg D Sacks, Aaron J Dawes, Wendy Y Lui, Letitia Bridges, Tracy Heisler, Steven R Crain, Mang-King W Cheung, Armen Aboulian
BACKGROUND: Small studies done during the past decade have demonstrated same-day discharge after appendectomy as an option for non-perforated appendicitis. Here we have examined a large cohort to confirm that same-day discharge in acute non-perforated appendicitis is a safe option. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective study of patients from 14 Southern California Region Kaiser Permanente medical centers. All patients older than 18 years of age with acute, non-perforated appendicitis who underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy between 2010 and 2014 were included...
January 2017: Journal of the American College of Surgeons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27418577/management-of-adults-with-hospital-acquired-and-ventilator-associated-pneumonia-2016-clinical-practice-guidelines-by-the-infectious-diseases-society-of-america-and-the-american-thoracic-society
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andre C Kalil, Mark L Metersky, Michael Klompas, John Muscedere, Daniel A Sweeney, Lucy B Palmer, Lena M Napolitano, Naomi P O'Grady, John G Bartlett, Jordi Carratalà, Ali A El Solh, Santiago Ewig, Paul D Fey, Thomas M File, Marcos I Restrepo, Jason A Roberts, Grant W Waterer, Peggy Cruse, Shandra L Knight, Jan L Brozek
It is important to realize that guidelines cannot always account for individual variation among patients. They are not intended to supplant physician judgment with respect to particular patients or special clinical situations. IDSA considers adherence to these guidelines to be voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding their application to be made by the physician in the light of each patient's individual circumstances.These guidelines are intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for patients at risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), including specialists in infectious diseases, pulmonary diseases, critical care, and surgeons, anesthesiologists, hospitalists, and any clinicians and healthcare providers caring for hospitalized patients with nosocomial pneumonia...
September 1, 2016: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25005651/effect-of-postoperative-antibiotic-administration-on-postoperative-infection-following-cholecystectomy-for-acute-calculous-cholecystitis-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#13
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Jean Marc Regimbeau, David Fuks, Karine Pautrat, Francois Mauvais, Vincent Haccart, Simon Msika, Muriel Mathonnet, Michel Scotté, Jean Christophe Paquet, Corinne Vons, Igor Sielezneff, Bertrand Millat, Laurence Chiche, Hervé Dupont, Pierre Duhaut, Cyril Cossé, Momar Diouf, Marc Pocard
IMPORTANCE: Ninety percent of cases of acute calculous cholecystitis are of mild (grade I) or moderate (grade II) severity. Although the preoperative and intraoperative antibiotic management of acute calculous cholecystitis has been standardized, few data exist on the utility of postoperative antibiotic treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of postoperative amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid on infection rates after cholecystectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: A total of 414 patients treated at 17 medical centers for grade I or II acute calculous cholecystitis and who received 2 g of amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid 3 times a day while in the hospital before and once at the time of surgery were randomized after surgery to an open-label, noninferiority, randomized clinical trial between May 2010 and August 2012...
July 2014: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27468181/anorectal-emergencies
#14
EDITORIAL
Varut Lohsiriwat
Anorectal emergencies refer to anorectal disorders presenting with some alarming symptoms such as acute anal pain and bleeding which might require an immediate management. This article deals with the diagnosis and management of common anorectal emergencies such as acutely thrombosed external hemorrhoid, thrombosed or strangulated internal hemorrhoid, bleeding hemorrhoid, bleeding anorectal varices, anal fissure, irreducible or strangulated rectal prolapse, anorectal abscess, perineal necrotizing fasciitis (Fournier gangrene), retained anorectal foreign bodies and obstructing rectal cancer...
July 14, 2016: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23732774/equal-efficacy-of-endoscopic-and-surgical-cystogastrostomy-for-pancreatic-pseudocyst-drainage-in-a-randomized-trial
#15
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Shyam Varadarajulu, Ji Young Bang, Bryce S Sutton, Jessica M Trevino, John D Christein, C Mel Wilcox
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although surgery is the standard technique for drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts, use of endoscopic methods is increasing. We performed a single-center, open-label, randomized trial to compare endoscopic and surgical cystogastrostomy for pancreatic pseudocyst drainage. METHODS: Patients with pancreatic pseudocysts underwent endoscopic (n = 20) or surgical cystogastrostomy (n = 20). The primary end point was pseudocyst recurrence after a 24-month follow-up period...
September 2013: Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2192695/superiority-of-closed-suction-drainage-for-pancreatic-trauma-a-randomized-prospective-study
#16
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
T C Fabian, K A Kudsk, M A Croce, L W Payne, E C Mangiante, G R Voeller, L G Britt
During a 42-month period, 65 patients sustaining pancreatic injuries were treated. They were randomized on alternate days (two separate trauma teams) to receive sump (S) or closed suction (CS) drainage. Twenty-eight patients were randomized to S and 37 to CS; there were six early deaths, which precluded drainage analysis, leaving 24 evaluable S patients and 35 CS patients. Penetrating wounds occurred in 71% and blunt in 29%. No significant differences appeared between the groups with respect to age, Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI), Injury Severity Score (ISS), or grade of pancreatic injury...
June 1990: Annals of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15943495/mechanisms-and-clinical-applications-of-the-vacuum-assisted-closure-vac-device-a-review
#17
REVIEW
Mark L Venturi, Christopher E Attinger, Ali N Mesbahi, Christopher L Hess, Katherine S Graw
The use of sub-atmospheric pressure dressings, available commercially as the vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) device, has been shown to be an effective way to accelerate healing of various wounds. The optimal sub-atmospheric pressure for wound healing appears to be approximately 125 mm Hg utilizing an alternating pressure cycle of 5 minutes of suction followed by 2 minutes off suction. Animal studies have demonstrated that this technique optimizes blood flow, decreases local tissue edema, and removes excessive fluid from the wound bed...
2005: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/22086773/-closing-the-abdominal-wall-challenges-and-possible-solutions
#18
REVIEW
C Justinger, M K Schilling
The most common complications after abdominal surgery - wound infections and the development of incisional hernia - are associated with the opening and closing of the abdominal wall. Depending on the selection of patients, wound infection rates of up to 19 % and hernia rates of up to 38 % are reported. Based on a summary of the actual literature, the abdominal wall should be closed with continuous slowly absorbable sutures with a suture length to wound length ratio of over 4 using small stitches. While antiseptic suture material may help to reduce wound infections after abdominal incision, preventing the development of incisional hernia is still a unsolved problem...
December 2011: Zentralblatt Für Chirurgie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25519257/successful-management-of-abdominal-wound-dehiscence-using-a-vacuum-assisted-closure-system-combined-with-mesh-mediated-medial-traction
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A C Lord, R Hompes, A Venkatasubramaniam, S Arnold
Management of the open abdomen has advanced significantly in recent years with the increasing use of vacuum assisted closure (VAC) techniques leading to increased rates of fascial closure. We present the case of a patient who suffered two complete abdominal wall dehiscences after an elective laparotomy, meaning primary closure was no longer possible. She was treated successfully with a VAC system combined with continuous medial traction using a Prolene(®) mesh. This technique has not been described before in the management of patients following wound dehiscence...
January 2015: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25459436/anatomy-and-physiology-of-the-peritoneum
#20
REVIEW
Simon C Blackburn, Michael P Stanton
The peritoneum is commonly encountered in abdominal surgery. The development and rotation of the primitive gut tube lead to the normal adult arrangement of the peritoneal cavity, which forms bloodless planes allowing the retroperitoneal portions of the bowel to be safely mobilised. The arrangement of the peritoneum also forms spaces in which infected fluid or pus can collect. The microcirculation of peritoneal fluid is now well understood, and the large absorptive surface of the peritoneum can be exploited in peritoneal dialysis...
December 2014: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
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