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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Nordwall, Mariann Abrahamsson, Meryl Dhir, Mats Fredrikson, Johnny Ludvigsson, Hans J Arnqvist
OBJECTIVE: HbA1c is strongly related to the development of diabetes complications, but it is still controversial which HbA1c level to strive for in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The aim of the current study was to evaluate HbA1c, followed from diagnosis, as a predictor of severe microvascular complications and to formulate HbA1c target levels for treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A longitudinal observation study followed an unselected population of 451 patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during 1983-1987 before the age of 35 years in a region of Southeast Sweden...
February 2015: Diabetes Care
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kamlesh Khunti, Melanie Davies, Azeem Majeed, Brian Larsen Thorsted, Michael Lyng Wolden, Sanjoy K Paul
OBJECTIVE: Hypoglycemia has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality. This study assessed whether, in a nationally representative population, there is an association between hypoglycemia, the risk of CV events, and all-cause mortality among insulin-treated people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database and included all insulin-treated patients (≥30 years of age) with a diagnosis of diabetes...
February 2015: Diabetes Care
#43
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Richard Bergenstal, Monika Ziemen, Marek Wardecki, Isabel Muehlen-Bartmer, Emmanuelle Boelle, Matthew C Riddle
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of new insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) with glargine 100 units/mL (Gla-100) in people with type 2 diabetes using basal insulin (≥42 units/day) plus oral antihyperglycemic drugs (OADs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: EDITION 2 was a multicenter, open-label, two-arm study. Adults receiving basal insulin plus OADs were randomized to Gla-300 or Gla-100 once daily for 6 months. The primary end point was change in HbA1c...
December 2014: Diabetes Care
#44
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Christina E Hugenschmidt, James F Lovato, Walter T Ambrosius, R Nick Bryan, Hertzel C Gerstein, Karen R Horowitz, Lenore J Launer, Ronald M Lazar, Anne M Murray, Emily Y Chew, Ronald P Danis, Jeff D Williamson, Michael E Miller, Jingzhong Ding
OBJECTIVE: Longitudinal evidence linking diabetic retinopathy with changes in brain structure and cognition is sparse. We used data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial to determine whether diabetic retinopathy at baseline predicted changes in brain structure or cognition 40 months later. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants from the ACCORD-MIND and ACCORD-Eye substudies were included in analyses of cognition (n = 1,862) and MRI-derived brain variables (n = 432)...
December 2014: Diabetes Care
#45
REVIEW
M Akhtar Anwar, Wassim Abou Kheir, Stephanie Eid, Joanna Fares, Xiaoqi Liu, Ali H Eid, Assaad A Eid
Both diabetes and cancer are prevalent diseases whose incidence rates are increasing worldwide, especially in countries that are undergoing rapid industrialization changes. Apparently, lifestyle risk factors including diet, physical inactivity and obesity play pivotal, yet preventable, roles in the etiology of both diseases. Epidemiological studies provide strong evidence that subjects with diabetes are at significantly higher risk of developing many forms of cancer and especially solid tumors. In addition to pancreatic and breast cancer, the incidence of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer is increased in type 2 diabetes...
2014: Journal of Cancer
#46
MULTICENTER STUDY
Oana Maftei, Alexia S Pena, Thomas Sullivan, Timothy W Jones, Kim C Donaghue, Fergus J Cameron, Elizabeth Davis, Andrew Cotterill, Maria E Craig, Roger Gent, Neil Dalton, Denis Daneman, David Dunger, John Deanfield, Jenny J Couper
OBJECTIVE: The origins of cardiovascular and renal disease in type 1 diabetes begin during childhood. We aimed to evaluate carotid (cIMT) and aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors and urinary albumin excretion in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in the Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 406 adolescents with type 1 diabetes, who were 14...
November 2014: Diabetes Care
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel I Swerdlow, David Preiss, Karoline B Kuchenbaecker, Michael V Holmes, Jorgen E L Engmann, Tina Shah, Reecha Sofat, Stefan Stender, Paul C D Johnson, Robert A Scott, Maarten Leusink, Niek Verweij, Stephen J Sharp, Yiran Guo, Claudia Giambartolomei, Christina Chung, Anne Peasey, Antoinette Amuzu, KaWah Li, Jutta Palmen, Philip Howard, Jackie A Cooper, Fotios Drenos, Yun R Li, Gordon Lowe, John Gallacher, Marlene C W Stewart, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Sarah G Buxbaum, Daphne L van der A, Nita G Forouhi, N Charlotte Onland-Moret, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Renate B Schnabel, Jaroslav A Hubacek, Ruzena Kubinova, Migle Baceviciene, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Andrzej Pajak, Roman Topor-Madry, Urszula Stepaniak, Sofia Malyutina, Damiano Baldassarre, Bengt Sennblad, Elena Tremoli, Ulf de Faire, Fabrizio Veglia, Ian Ford, J Wouter Jukema, Rudi G J Westendorp, Gert Jan de Borst, Pim A de Jong, Ale Algra, Wilko Spiering, Anke H Maitland-van der Zee, Olaf H Klungel, Anthonius de Boer, Pieter A Doevendans, Charles B Eaton, Jennifer G Robinson, David Duggan, John Kjekshus, John R Downs, Antonio M Gotto, Anthony C Keech, Roberto Marchioli, Gianni Tognoni, Peter S Sever, Neil R Poulter, David D Waters, Terje R Pedersen, Pierre Amarenco, Haruo Nakamura, John J V McMurray, James D Lewsey, Daniel I Chasman, Paul M Ridker, Aldo P Maggioni, Luigi Tavazzi, Kausik K Ray, Sreenivasa Rao Kondapally Seshasai, JoAnn E Manson, Jackie F Price, Peter H Whincup, Richard W Morris, Debbie A Lawlor, George Davey Smith, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Pamela J Schreiner, Myriam Fornage, David S Siscovick, Mary Cushman, Meena Kumari, Nick J Wareham, W M Monique Verschuren, Susan Redline, Sanjay R Patel, John C Whittaker, Anders Hamsten, Joseph A Delaney, Caroline Dale, Tom R Gaunt, Andrew Wong, Diana Kuh, Rebecca Hardy, Sekar Kathiresan, Berta A Castillo, Pim van der Harst, Eric J Brunner, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Michael G Marmot, Ronald M Krauss, Michael Tsai, Josef Coresh, Ronald C Hoogeveen, Bruce M Psaty, Leslie A Lange, Hakon Hakonarson, Frank Dudbridge, Steve E Humphries, Philippa J Talmud, Mika Kivimäki, Nicholas J Timpson, Claudia Langenberg, Folkert W Asselbergs, Mikhail Voevoda, Martin Bobak, Hynek Pikhart, James G Wilson, Alex P Reiner, Brendan J Keating, Aroon D Hingorani, Naveed Sattar
BACKGROUND: Statins increase the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to assess whether this increase in risk is a consequence of inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the intended drug target. METHODS: We used single nucleotide polymorphisms in the HMGCR gene, rs17238484 (for the main analysis) and rs12916 (for a subsidiary analysis) as proxies for HMGCR inhibition by statins. We examined associations of these variants with plasma lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations; bodyweight; waist circumference; and prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes...
January 24, 2015: Lancet
#48
REVIEW
Marcio L Griebeler, Oscar L Morey-Vargas, Juan P Brito, Apostolos Tsapas, Zhen Wang, Barbara G Carranza Leon, Olivia J Phung, Victor M Montori, M Hassan Murad
BACKGROUND: Multiple treatments for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy are available. PURPOSE: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of oral and topical analgesics for diabetic neuropathy. DATA SOURCES: Multiple electronic databases between January 2007 and April 2014, without language restriction. STUDY SELECTION: Parallel or crossover randomized, controlled trials that evaluated pharmacologic treatments for adults with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy...
November 4, 2014: Annals of Internal Medicine
#49
REVIEW
Jacek Kasznicki, Agnieszka Sliwinska, Józef Drzewoski
The prevalence of diabetes is dramatically increasing worldwide. The results of numerous epidemiological studies indicate that diabetic population is not only at increased risk of cardiovascular complications, but also at substantially higher risk of many forms of malignancies. The use of metformin, the most commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes, was repeatedly associated with the decreased risk of the occurrence of various types of cancers, especially of pancreas and colon and hepatocellular carcinoma...
June 2014: Annals of Translational Medicine
#50
REVIEW
Hon-Yen Wu, Yu-Sen Peng, Chih-Kang Chiang, Jenq-Wen Huang, Kuan-Yu Hung, Kwan-Dun Wu, Yu-Kang Tu, Kuo-Liong Chien
IMPORTANCE: A random urine sample measuring the albumin concentration (UAC) without simultaneously measuring the urinary creatinine is less expensive than measuring the ratio of albumin to creatinine (ACR), but comparisons of their diagnostic performance for microalbuminuria screening among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been undertaken in previous meta-analyses. OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic performance of the UAC vs the ACR in random urine samples for microalbuminuria screening among patients with DM...
July 2014: JAMA Internal Medicine
#51
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Jeannie Tay, Natalie D Luscombe-Marsh, Campbell H Thompson, Manny Noakes, Jon D Buckley, Gary A Wittert, William S Yancy, Grant D Brinkworth
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively compare the effects of a very low-carbohydrate, high-unsaturated/low-saturated fat diet (LC) with those of a high-unrefined carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HC) on glycemic control and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Obese adults (n = 115, BMI 34.4 ± 4.2 kg/m(2), age 58 ± 7 years) with T2DM were randomized to a hypocaloric LC diet (14% carbohydrate [<50 g/day], 28% protein, and 58% fat [<10% saturated fat]) or an energy-matched HC diet (53% carbohydrate, 17% protein, and 30% fat [<10% saturated fat]) combined with structured exercise for 24 weeks...
November 2014: Diabetes Care
#52
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
(no author information available yet)
OBJECTIVE: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a standard measure of chronic glycemia for managing diabetes, has been proposed to diagnose diabetes and identify people at risk. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) was a 3.2-year randomized clinical trial of preventing type 2 diabetes with a 10-year follow-up study, the DPP Outcomes Study (DPPOS). We evaluated baseline HbA1c as a predictor of diabetes and determined the effects of treatments on diabetes defined by an HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol)...
January 2015: Diabetes Care
#53
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Richard M Bergenstal, David C Klonoff, Satish K Garg, Bruce W Bode, Melissa Meredith, Robert H Slover, Andrew J Ahmann, John B Welsh, Scott W Lee, Francine R Kaufman
BACKGROUND: The threshold-suspend feature of sensor-augmented insulin pumps is designed to minimize the risk of hypoglycemia by interrupting insulin delivery at a preset sensor glucose value. We evaluated sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy with and without the threshold-suspend feature in patients with nocturnal hypoglycemia. METHODS: We randomly assigned patients with type 1 diabetes and documented nocturnal hypoglycemia to receive sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy with or without the threshold-suspend feature for 3 months...
July 18, 2013: New England Journal of Medicine
#54
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Dympna Gallagher, Stanley Heshka, David E Kelley, John Thornton, Lawrence Boxt, F Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Jennifer Patricio, Juliet Mancino, Jeanne M Clark
OBJECTIVE: We aim to characterize the effects on total body fat and distribution of a 1-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) for weight loss in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes and to examine whether changes in adipose tissue (AT) depots were associated with changes in metabolic biomarkers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were 54 females and 38 males (age 57.8 ± 6.7 years [mean ± SD]; BMI 31.7 ± 3.5 kg/m(2)) enrolled in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial randomized to ILI or diabetes support and education (DSE) from whom baseline and 1-year MRI measures of total AT (TAT) and regional (arm, trunk, leg) AT, including subcutaneous AT (SAT), visceral AT (VAT), and intermuscular AT (IMAT), were acquired...
December 2014: Diabetes Care
#55
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-qian Li, Chang-qing Sun, Lin-lin Li, Ling Wang, Yi-rui Guo, Ai-guo You, Yuan-lin Xi, Chong-jian Wang
BACKGROUND: Fast resting heart rate might increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unclear whether resting heart rate could be used to predict the risk of undiagnosed T2DM. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to examine the association between resting heart rate and undiagnosed T2DM, and evaluate the feasibility of using resting heart rate as a marker for identifying the risk of undiagnosed T2DM. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted...
October 9, 2014: BMC Public Health
#56
REVIEW
Eleni I Petsiou, Panayota I Mitrou, Sotirios A Raptis, George D Dimitriadis
The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of vinegar on glucose and lipid metabolism. Several studies have demonstrated that vinegar can help reduce hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Other studies, however, have shown no beneficial effect on metabolism. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these metabolic effects, including delayed gastric emptying and enteral absorption, suppression of hepatic glucose production, increased glucose utilization, upregulation of flow-mediated vasodilation, facilitation of insulin secretion, reduction in lipogenesis, increase in lipolysis, stimulation of fecal bile acid excretion, increased satiety, and enhanced energy expenditure...
October 2014: Nutrition Reviews
#57
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darrell J Gaskin, Roland J Thorpe, Emma E McGinty, Kelly Bower, Charles Rohde, J Hunter Young, Thomas A LaVeist, Lisa Dubay
OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the role of neighborhood poverty and racial composition on race disparities in diabetes prevalence. METHODS: We used data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and 2000 US Census to estimate the impact of individual race and poverty and neighborhood racial composition and poverty concentration on the odds of having diabetes. RESULTS: We found a race-poverty-place gradient for diabetes prevalence for Blacks and poor Whites...
November 2014: American Journal of Public Health
#58
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Hertzel C Gerstein, Michael E Miller, Faramarz Ismail-Beigi, Joe Largay, Charlotte McDonald, Heather A Lochnan, Gillian L Booth
BACKGROUND: Hyperglycaemia could substantially increase the risk of ischaemic heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether intensive lowering of glucose concentrations affects risk. METHODS: We assessed 10,251 adults aged 40-79 years with established type 2 diabetes, mean glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentration of 67 mmol/mol (8·3%), and risk factors for ischaemic heart disease enrolled in the ACCORD trial. Participants were assigned to intensive or standard therapy (target HbA1c less than 42 or 53-63 mmol/mol [less than 6·0% or 7·0-7·9%], respectively)...
November 29, 2014: Lancet
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Temizkan, O Deyneli, M Yasar, M Arpa, M Gunes, D Yazici, O Sirikci, G Haklar, N Imeryuz, D G Yavuz
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Artificial sweeteners were thought to be metabolically inactive, but after demonstrating that the gustatory mechanism was also localized in the small intestine, suspicions about the metabolic effects of artificial sweeteners have emerged. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of artificial sweeteners (aspartame and sucralose) on blood glucose, insulin, c-peptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eight newly diagnosed drug-naive type 2 diabetic patients (mean age 51...
February 2015: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#60
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Andrea DeCensi, Matteo Puntoni, Sara Gandini, Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga, Harriet Ann Johansson, Massimiliano Cazzaniga, Giancarlo Pruneri, Davide Serrano, Matthias Schwab, Ute Hofmann, Serena Mora, Valentina Aristarco, Debora Macis, Fabio Bassi, Alberto Luini, Matteo Lazzeroni, Bernardo Bonanni, Michael N Pollak
Treatment of diabetics with metformin is associated with decreased breast cancer risk in observational studies, but it remains unclear if this drug has clinical antineoplastic activity. In a recent presurgical trial, we found a heterogeneous effect of metformin on breast cancer proliferation (ki-67) depending upon insulin resistance (HOMA index). Here, we determined the associations of additional serum biomarkers of insulin resistance, tumor subtype, and drug concentration with ki-67 response to metformin. Two-hundred non-diabetic women were randomly allocated to metformin (850 mg/bid) or placebo for 4 weeks prior to breast cancer surgery...
November 2014: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
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