Enamel Remineralisation

BACKGROUND: Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (NovaMin) is an agent that is claimed to release calcium and phosphate ions intraorally to help the self-repair process of enamel. It is used extensively as a desensitizing agent, but the chemical reactions that occur may promote apatite formation enhancing remineralization. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of NovaMin to remineralize an experimentally induced demineralized lesion. The evaluation was done based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of enamel over the period of 15 and 30 days...

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OBJECTIVES: Stimulation of salivary flow is considered a preventive strategy for dental erosion. Alternatively, products containing calcium phosphate, such as a complex of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), have also been tested against dental erosion. Therefore, this in situ study analyzed the effect of chewing gum containing CPP-ACP on the mineral precipitation of initial bovine enamel erosion lesions. METHODS: Twelve healthy adult subjects wore palatal appliances with two eroded bovine enamel samples...

UNLABELLED: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious problem that progresses rapidly and often goes untreated. Current traumatic treatments may be replaced by safe and effective remineralization at very early stages. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the remineralization effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste on enamel lesions by assessing ultrastructure, nanomechanical properties, and compound and elemental analysis...

OBJECTIVES: To assess enamel remineralization of different calcium-phosphate and fluoride delivery systems. METHODS: Artificial caries lesions were created on 115 extracted human molars. Specimens were assigned according to remineralizing agent into five groups: G1: Control (artificial saliva), G2: Clinpro™ white varnish, G3: Relief, G4: Tooth Mousse Plus, G5: Vanish™XT. Surface micro-hardness (SMH), surface roughness (Ra) and surface topography by scanning electron microscope (SEM) were evaluated at baseline, after demineralization, after 2 and 4 weeks remineralization and after acid challenge...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effect of a fluoride-, stannous- and chitosan-containing (F/Sn/chitosan-) toothpaste (TP) on initial enamel erosion and abrasion. METHODS: In total, 150 human premolar enamel specimens were ground, polished and divided into 5 toothpaste/rinse groups (n=30): (G1) placebo-TP/tap water, (G2) sodium fluoride (NaF-) TP/tap water, (G3) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/tap water, (G4) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/Sn-rinse, (G5) NaF-TP/NaF-rinse...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate some physical-mechanical and morphological changes of demineralised dentine at early stages of dentine remineralisation. METHODS: Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentine discs. After polishing the dentine surfaces, three groups were established: (1) untreated dentine - UD, (2) 37% phosphoric acid application for 15s (partially demineralised dentine - PDD) and (3) 10% phosphoric acid for 12h, at 25°C (totally demineralised dentine - TDD)...

STUDY DESIGN: Randomised, controlled, single-blind, three-arm parallel-group trial set in general dental practice with a single general dental practitioner operator/assessor. INTERVENTION: Seventy-five adult patients, with basic periodontal examination scores of 0 in all sextants, good oral hygiene, at least one sensitive tooth (not diagnosed as pulpitis) and willing to comply with the trial regime were entered into the trial and randomised. Seventy-two participants completed the study...

Remineralization of hard dental tissues is thought to be a tool that could close the gap between prevention and surgical procedures in clinical dentistry. The purpose of this study was to examine the remineralizing potential of different toothpaste formulations: toothpastes containing bioactive glass, hydroxyapatite, or strontium acetate with fluoride, when applied to demineralized enamel. Results obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM/energy dispersive X-ray analyses proved that the hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass-containing toothpastes were highly efficient in promoting enamel remineralization by formation of deposits and a protective layer on the surface of the demineralized enamel, whereas the toothpaste containing 8% strontium acetate and 1040 ppm fluoride as NaF had little, if any, remineralization potential...

This is a review of the need for better remineralization and of the status of calcium-based remineralizing agents for use in anti-caries toothpastes. Use of fluoride toothpastes has markedly reduced caries. However, the decline may be over or in reverse. There is a limit to what fluoride alone can do; complementary agents are needed. Using plaque as a reservoir for calcium-based agents holds promise. Plaque fluid is already supersaturated with respect to relevant calcium phosphates at neutral pH; extra calcium may lead to surface-blocking and sub-optimal lesion consolidation...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, crossover, in situ study was to evaluate the efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) dentifrices on caries remineralization and demineralization inhibition. METHODS: Three demineralized enamel blocks (A,B,C) and one healthy block (D), cut from each of 30 molars, were exposed respectively to dentifrices of A) 5% nHAP, B) 10% nHAP, C) 1100 ppm fluoride, and D) 10% nHAP via an intra-oral appliance worn by 30 adults in this four-phase study lasting 28 days per phase...

OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study evaluated the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) toothpastes on remineralization of bovine enamel and dentine subsurface lesions. METHODS: Specimens were demineralized, randomly divided into five groups, and exposed to an aqueous remineralizing solution for two and five weeks (37 °C). Brushing procedures were performed with the respective toothpaste/storage solution slurry twice daily (2 × 5 s; total contact time of the slurries 2 × 120s/d): storage in remineralizing solution only (0); additional brushing with B (20 wt% zinc carbonate nano-hydroxyapatite, ZnCO(3)/n-HAp); BS (24 wt% ZnCO(3)/n-HAp); E (0...