collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468316/the-diagnostic-accuracy-of-cardiac-ultrasound-for-acute-myocardial-ischemia-in-the-emergency-department-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#1
REVIEW
Virginia Zarama, María Camila Arango-Granados, Ramiro Manzano-Nunez, James P Sheppard, Nia Roberts, Annette Plüddemann
BACKGROUND: Chest pain is responsible for millions of visits to the emergency department (ED) annually. Cardiac ultrasound can detect ischemic changes, but varying accuracy estimates have been reported in previous studies. We synthetized the available evidence to yield more precise estimates of the accuracy of cardiac ultrasound for acute myocardial ischemia in patients with chest pain in the ED and to assess the effect of different clinical characteristics on test accuracy. METHODS: A systematic search for studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of cardiac ultrasound for myocardial ischemia in the ED was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, two trial registries and supplementary methods, from inception to December 6th, 2022...
March 11, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411885/evaluation-and-management-of-hyponatremia-in-heart-failure
#2
REVIEW
Giulio M Mondellini, Frederik H Verbrugge
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide a contemporary overview of the pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia in heart failure (HF). RECENT FINDINGS: Potassium and magnesium losses due to poor nutritional intake and treatment with diuretics cause an intracellular sodium shift in HF that may contribute to hyponatremia. Impaired renal blood flow leading to a lower glomerular filtration rate and increased proximal tubular reabsorption lead to an impaired tubular flux through diluting distal segments of the nephron, compromising electrolyte-free water excretion...
February 27, 2024: Current Heart Failure Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368016/diagnosis-and-management-of-anca-associated-vasculitis
#3
REVIEW
Andreas Kronbichler, Ingeborg M Bajema, Annette Bruchfeld, Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn, John H Stone
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis consists of two main diseases, granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis, and remains among the most devastating and potentially lethal forms of autoimmune inflammatory disease. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis are characterised by a necrotising vasculitis that can involve almost any organ, and have generally been studied together. The diseases commonly affect the kidneys, lungs, upper respiratory tract, skin, eyes, and peripheral nerves...
February 17, 2024: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37731771/differential-diagnosis-and-therapeutic-advances-in-multiple-myeloma-a-review-article
#4
REVIEW
Munawwar Hussain, Sarvari Yellapragada, Samer Al Hadidi
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells that may result in focal bone lesions, renal failure, anemia, and/or hypercalcemia. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of MM have evolved due to a better understanding of disease pathophysiology, improved risk stratification, and new treatments. The incorporation of new drugs, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, anti-CD38 antibodies and high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, has resulted in a significant improvement in patient outcomes and QoL...
2023: Blood and Lymphatic Cancer: Targets and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34292926/sexually-transmitted-infections-treatment-guidelines-2021
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberly A Workowski, Laura H Bachmann, Philip A Chan, Christine M Johnston, Christina A Muzny, Ina Park, Hilary Reno, Jonathan M Zenilman, Gail A Bolan
These guidelines for the treatment of persons who have or are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were updated by CDC after consultation with professionals knowledgeable in the field of STIs who met in Atlanta, Georgia, June 11-14, 2019. The information in this report updates the 2015 guidelines. These guidelines discuss 1) updated recommendations for treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis; 2) addition of metronidazole to the recommended treatment regimen for pelvic inflammatory disease; 3) alternative treatment options for bacterial vaginosis; 4) management of Mycoplasma genitalium; 5) human papillomavirus vaccine recommendations and counseling messages; 6) expanded risk factors for syphilis testing among pregnant women; 7) one-time testing for hepatitis C infection; 8) evaluation of men who have sex with men after sexual assault; and 9) two-step testing for serologic diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus...
July 23, 2021: MMWR. Recommendations and Reports: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37722115/outpatient-treatment-of-confirmed-covid-19-a-living-rapid-evidence-review-for-the-american-college-of-physicians-version-2
#6
REVIEW
Isolde Sommer, Dominic Ledinger, Kylie Thaler, Andreea Dobrescu, Emma Persad, Martin Fangmeyer, Irma Klerings, Gerald Gartlehner
BACKGROUND: Clinicians and patients want to know the benefits and harms of outpatient treatment options for the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. PURPOSE: To assess the benefits and harms of 22 different COVID-19 treatments. DATA SOURCES: The Epistemonikos COVID-19 L·OVE platform, the iSearch COVID-19 portfolio, and the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 Research Database from 26 November 2021 to 2 March 2023. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts against a priori-defined criteria...
October 2023: Annals of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37676666/rsv-infection-in-older-adults
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen A Linder, Preeti N Malani
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 7, 2023: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36502852/racialising-genetic-risk-assumptions-realities-and-recommendations
#8
REVIEW
Jessica P Cerdeña, Vanessa Grubbs, Amy L Non
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 10, 2022: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30600276/rationale-for-the-immunization-schedule-why-is-it-the-way-it-is
#9
REVIEW
Varun U Shetty, Parul Chaudhuri, Camille Sabella
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 2019: Pediatrics in Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33637556/sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2-inhibitor-therapy-mechanisms-of-action-in-heart-failure
#10
REVIEW
Shruti S Joshi, Trisha Singh, David E Newby, Jagdeep Singh
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of developing heart failure compared with the healthy population. In recent landmark clinical trials, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor therapies improve blood glucose control and also reduce cardiovascular events and heart failure hospitalisations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Intriguingly, such clinical benefits have also been seen in patients with heart failure in the absence of type 2 diabetes although the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood...
June 11, 2021: Heart
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33657830/invasive-management-of-acute-myocardial-infarction-complicated-by-cardiogenic-shock-a-scientific-statement-from-the-american-heart-association
#11
REVIEW
Timothy D Henry, Matthew I Tomey, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Holger Thiele, Sunil V Rao, Venu Menon, Deborah G Klein, Yoshifumi Naka, Ileana L Piña, Navin K Kapur, George D Dangas
Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains the most common cause of mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The SHOCK trial (Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock) demonstrated a survival benefit with early revascularization in patients with CS complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMICS) 20 years ago. After an initial improvement in mortality related to revascularization, mortality rates have plateaued. A recent Society of Coronary Angiography and Interventions classification scheme was developed to address the wide range of CS presentations...
April 13, 2021: Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33079398/avoiding-therapeutic-nihilism-from-complex-geriatric-intervention-negative-trials-stride-lessons
#12
EDITORIAL
Christopher R Carpenter, Michael L Malone
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2020: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32759284/pulmonary-embolism-update-on-management-and-controversies
#13
REVIEW
Lisa Duffett, Lana A Castellucci, Melissa A Forgie
Pulmonary embolism is a common and potentially fatal cardiovascular disorder that must be promptly diagnosed and treated. The diagnosis, risk assessment, and management of pulmonary embolism have evolved with a better understanding of efficient use of diagnostic and therapeutic options. The use of either clinical probability adjusted or age adjusted D-dimer interpretation has led to a reduction in diagnostic imaging to exclude pulmonary embolism. Direct oral anticoagulation therapies are safe, effective, and convenient treatments for most patients with acute venous thromboembolism, with a lower risk of bleeding than vitamin K antagonists...
August 5, 2020: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32855422/anca-associated-vasculitis
#14
REVIEW
A Richard Kitching, Hans-Joachim Anders, Neil Basu, Elisabeth Brouwer, Jennifer Gordon, David R Jayne, Joyce Kullman, Paul A Lyons, Peter A Merkel, Caroline O S Savage, Ulrich Specks, Renate Kain
The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of disorders involving severe, systemic, small-vessel vasculitis and are characterized by the development of autoantibodies to the neutrophil proteins leukocyte proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) or myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA). The three AAV subgroups, namely granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA), are defined according to clinical features. However, genetic and other clinical findings suggest that these clinical syndromes may be better classified as PR3-positive AAV (PR3-AAV), MPO-positive AAV (MPO-AAV) and, for EGPA, by the presence or absence of ANCA (ANCA+ or ANCA- , respectively)...
August 27, 2020: Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32392337/sars-cov-2-covid-19-what-do-we-know-about-children-a-systematic-review
#15
COMMENT
Nisha S Mehta, Oliver T Mytton, Edward W S Mullins, Tom A Fowler, Catherine L Falconer, Orla B Murphy, Claudia Langenberg, Wikum J P Jayatunga, Danielle H Eddy, Jonathan S Nguyen-Van-Tam
BACKGROUND: Few pediatric cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported and we know little about the epidemiology in children, although more is known about other coronaviruses. We aimed to understand the infection rate, clinical presentation, clinical outcomes, and transmission dynamics for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in order to inform clinical and public health measures. METHODS: We undertook a rapid systematic review and narrative synthesis of all literature relating to SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations...
December 3, 2020: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31791953/management-of-severe-acute-pancreatitis
#16
REVIEW
O Joe Hines, Stephen J Pandol
The risks, measurements of severity, and management of severe acute pancreatitis and its complications have evolved rapidly over the past decade. Evidence suggests that initial goal directed therapy, nutritional support, and vigilance for pancreatic complications are best practice. Patients can develop pancreatic fluid collections including acute pancreatic fluid collections, pancreatic pseudocysts, acute necrotic collections, and walled-off necrosis. Several randomized controlled trials and cohort studies have recently highlighted the advantage of managing these conditions with a progressive approach, with initial draining for infection followed by less invasive techniques...
December 2, 2019: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26627539/patient-ventilator-asynchrony
#17
REVIEW
Gaston Murias, Umberto Lucangelo, Lluis Blanch
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of the review is to alert clinicians to the prevalent and frequently underrecognized problem of asynchrony in mechanically ventilated patients. To provide a mechanistic model of patient-ventilator asynchrony to help personnel understand how different asynchronies develop. To provide practical advice on how to recognize and solve different asynchronies in different contexts. RECENT FINDINGS: Patient-ventilator asynchrony is a serious problem that is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, prolonged ICU and hospital stays, and increased mortality...
February 2016: Current Opinion in Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30478708/caring-for-the-critically-ill-patients-over-80-a-narrative-review
#18
REVIEW
Bertrand Guidet, Helene Vallet, Jacques Boddaert, Dylan W de Lange, Alessandro Morandi, Guillaume Leblanc, Antonio Artigas, Hans Flaatten
BACKGROUND: There is currently no international recommendation for the admission or treatment of the critically ill older patients over 80 years of age in the intensive care unit (ICU), and there is no valid prognostic severity score that includes specific geriatric assessments. MAIN BODY: In this review, we report recent literature focusing on older critically ill patients in order to help physicians in the multiple-step decision-making process. It is unclear under what conditions older patients may benefit from ICU admission...
November 26, 2018: Annals of Intensive Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16808753/a-clinician-educator-s-roadmap-to-choosing-and-interpreting-statistical-tests
#19
REVIEW
Donna M Windish, Marie Diener-West
As educators seek confirmation of successful trainee achievement, medical education must move toward a more evidence-based approach to teaching and evaluation. Although medical training often provides physicians with a general background in biostatistics, many are not prepared to apply these skills. This can hinder clinician educators as they wish to develop, analyze and disseminate their scholarly work. This paper is intended to be a concise educational tool and guide for choosing and interpreting statistical tests aimed toward medical education assessment...
June 2006: Journal of General Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30194516/loop-diuretics-in-chronic-heart-failure-how-to-manage-congestion
#20
REVIEW
Justas Simonavičius, Christian Knackstedt, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca
Loop diuretics remain the cornerstone of congestion management in contemporary chronic heart failure care. However, their use is not supported by high quality data, and there is doubt about the safety in the outpatient heart failure setting. Still, congestion is related to a worse outcome, and there is general consensus among experts that congestion should not be tolerated in heart failure patients. Recommendations in international guidelines, regarding decongestion strategies in chronic heart failure, are limited...
January 2019: Heart Failure Reviews
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