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Collections Nephropathy treatment

Nephropathy treatment

Newer and well established treatments to slow progression of nephropathy

https://read.qxmd.com/read/29270522/membranous-glomerulopathy-with-light-chain-restricted-deposits-a-clinicopathological-analysis-of-28-cases
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandro Best Rocha, Christopher P Larsen
INTRODUCTION: Membranous glomerulopathy (MG) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome that results from the formation of immune complexes along the subepithelial aspect of the glomerular basement membranes. Although it is most frequently caused by polytypic deposits, cases with light chain isotype-restricted deposits are rarely seen. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 28 cases of MG that showed light chain isotype restriction. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 62...
November 2017: KI Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29478864/management-of-acute-kidney-injury-core-curriculum-2018
#2
REVIEW
Peter K Moore, Raymond K Hsu, Kathleen D Liu
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous disorder that is common in hospitalized patients and associated with short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. When AKI is present, prompt workup of the underlying cause should be pursued, with specific attention to reversible causes. Measures to prevent AKI include optimization of volume status and avoidance of nephrotoxic medications. Crystalloids are preferred over colloids for most patients, and hydroxyethyl starches should be avoided. Volume overload in the setting of AKI is associated with adverse outcomes, so attention should be paid to overall fluid balance...
July 2018: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28321325/assessing-risk-of-disease-progression-and-pharmacological-management-of-autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease-a-canadian-expert-consensus
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Soroka, Ahsan Alam, Micheli Bevilacqua, Louis-Philippe Girard, Paul Komenda, Rolf Loertscher, Philip McFarlane, Sanjaya Pandeya, Paul Tam, Daniel G Bichet
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited renal disorder worldwide. The disease is characterized by renal cysts and progressive renal failure due to progressive enlargement of cysts and renal fibrosis. An estimated 45% to 70% of patients with ADPKD progress to end-stage renal disease by age 65 years. Although both targeted and nontargeted therapies have been tested in patients with ADPKD, tolvaptan is currently the only pharmacological therapy approved in Canada for the treatment of ADPKD...
2017: Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29248141/impact-of-volume-status-and-volume-therapy-on-the-kidney
#4
REVIEW
David A Roberts, Andrew D Shaw
Volume resuscitation to correct hypotension in surgical and critically ill patients is a common practice. Available evidence suggests that iatrogenic volume overload is associated with worse outcomes in established acute kidney injury. Intraoperative arterial hypotension is associated with postoperative renal dysfunction, and prompt correction with fluid management protocols that combine inotrope infusions with volume therapy targeted to indices of volume responsiveness should be considered. From the perspective of renal function, the minimum amount of intravenous fluid required to maintain perfusion and oxygen delivery is desirable...
September 2017: Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29105594/tolvaptan-in-later-stage-autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease
#5
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Vicente E Torres, Arlene B Chapman, Olivier Devuyst, Ron T Gansevoort, Ronald D Perrone, Gary Koch, John Ouyang, Robert D McQuade, Jaime D Blais, Frank S Czerwiec, Olga Sergeyeva
BACKGROUND: In a previous trial involving patients with early autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD; estimated creatinine clearance, ≥60 ml per minute), the vasopressin V2 -receptor antagonist tolvaptan slowed the growth in total kidney volume and the decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) but also caused more elevations in aminotransferase and bilirubin levels. The efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in patients with later-stage ADPKD are unknown...
November 16, 2017: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28209267/assessment-of-volume-status-and-appropriate-fluid-replenishment-in-the-setting-of-nephrotic-syndrome
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pierluigi Marzuillo, Stefano Guarino, Andrea Apicella, Rosaria Marotta, Vincenzo Tipo, Laura Perrone, Angela La Manna, Giovanni Montini
BACKGROUND: When the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier increases, leading to proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome (NS) occurs. First episodes or relapses of NS can be concurrent with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) infections. This condition can cause further deterioration of the hypovolemic state, as intravascular water is lost through both AGE-related vomiting/diarrhea and NS-related fluid shifting into the interstitium. In this case report, we wish to raise the issues about the difficult management of children presenting with both NS and AGE...
April 2017: Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27670788/acute-kidney-injury-2016-diagnosis-and-diagnostic-workup
#7
REVIEW
Marlies Ostermann, Michael Joannidis
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and is associated with serious short- and long-term complications. Early diagnosis and identification of the underlying aetiology are essential to guide management. In this review, we outline the current definition of AKI and the potential pitfalls, and summarise the existing and future tools to investigate AKI in critically ill patients.
September 27, 2016: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27496911/recent-developments-in-the-detection-and-management-of-acute-kidney-injury
#8
REVIEW
James McCaffrey, Ajaya Kumar Dhakal, David V Milford, Nicholas J A Webb, Rachel Lennon
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition in children admitted to hospital and existing serum and urine biomarkers are insensitive. There have been significant developments in stratifying the risk of AKI in children and also in the identification of new AKI biomarkers. Risk stratification coupled with a panel of AKI biomarkers will improve future detection of AKI, however, paediatric validation studies in mixed patient cohorts are required. The principles of effective management rely on treating the underlying cause and preventing secondary AKI by the appropriate use of fluids and medication...
January 2017: Archives of Disease in Childhood
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27152262/stop-chronic-kidney-disease-progression-time-is-approaching
#9
REVIEW
Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din, Mona Mansour Salem, Dina Ossama Abdulazim
Progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is inevitable. However, the last decade has witnessed tremendous achievements in this field. Today we are optimistic; the dream of withholding this progression is about to be realistic. The recent discoveries in the field of CKD management involved most of the individual diseases leading the patients to end-stage renal disease. Most of these advances involved patients suffering diabetic kidney disease, chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, renal amyloidosis and chronic tubulointerstitial disease...
May 6, 2016: World Journal of Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27099136/evidence-based-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-nephrotic-syndrome-2014
#10
REVIEW
Shinichi Nishi, Yoshifumi Ubara, Yasunori Utsunomiya, Koichi Okada, Yoko Obata, Hiroyasu Kai, Hideyasu Kiyomoto, Shin Goto, Tsuneo Konta, Yoshie Sasatomi, Yoshinobu Sato, Tomoya Nishino, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Kengo Furuichi, Junichi Hoshino, Yasuhiro Watanabe, Kenjiro Kimura, Seiichi Matsuo
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
June 2016: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26880451/treatment-of-hyperkalemia-something-old-something-new
#11
REVIEW
Richard H Sterns, Marvin Grieff, Paul L Bernstein
Treatment options for hyperkalemia have not changed much since the introduction of the cation exchange resin, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate, Covis Pharmaceuticals, Cary, NC), over 50 years ago. Although clinicians of that era did not have ready access to hemodialysis or loop diuretics, the other tools that we use today-calcium, insulin, and bicarbonate-were well known to them. Currently recommended insulin regimens provide too little insulin to achieve blood levels with a maximal kalemic effect and too little glucose to avoid hypoglycemia...
March 2016: Kidney International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26690796/prevention-and-treatment-of-sepsis-induced-acute-kidney-injury-an-update
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick M Honore, Rita Jacobs, Inne Hendrickx, Sean M Bagshaw, Olivier Joannes-Boyau, Willem Boer, Elisabeth De Waele, Viola Van Gorp, Herbert D Spapen
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains an important challenge in critical care medicine. We reviewed current available evidence on prevention and treatment of SAKI with focus on some recent advances and developments. Prevention of SAKI starts with early and ample fluid resuscitation preferentially with crystalloid solutions. Balanced crystalloids have no proven superior benefit. Renal function can be evaluated by measuring lactate clearance rate, renal Doppler, or central venous oxygenation monitoring...
December 2015: Annals of Intensive Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26233732/efficacy-of-febuxostat-for-slowing-the-gfr-decline-in-patients-with-ckd-and-asymptomatic-hyperuricemia-a-6-month-double-blind-randomized-placebo-controlled-trial
#13
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Dipankar Sircar, Soumya Chatterjee, Rajesh Waikhom, Vishal Golay, Arpita Raychaudhury, Suparna Chatterjee, Rajendra Pandey
BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is a putative risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that control of asymptomatic hyperuricemia may slow disease progression in CKD. STUDY DESIGN: This was a single-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Eligible participants were adults from Eastern India aged 18 to 65 years with CKD stages 3 and 4, with asymptomatic hyperuricemia...
December 2015: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26752337/proton-pump-inhibitor-use-and-the-risk-of-chronic-kidney-disease
#14
MULTICENTER STUDY
Benjamin Lazarus, Yuan Chen, Francis P Wilson, Yingying Sang, Alex R Chang, Josef Coresh, Morgan E Grams
IMPORTANCE: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly used drugs worldwide and have been linked to acute interstitial nephritis. Less is known about the association between PPI use and chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE: To quantify the association between PPI use and incident CKD in a population-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In total, 10,482 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of at least 60 mL/min/1...
February 2016: JAMA Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26759046/targeting-serum-calcium-in-chronic-kidney-disease-and-end-stage-renal-disease-is-normal-too-high
#15
REVIEW
W Charles O'Neill
Hypocalcemia is common in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and it is standard practice to correct this back to the normal range, presumably to prevent symptomatic hypocalcemia and help control hyperparathyroidism. However, there are few studies to support this approach, and recent data suggest that this promotes vascular calcification and adynamic bone disease. Whether setting a lower target will improve outcomes has not been tested, but existing data suggest that this may have minimal risks and substantial potential benefits and should be explored...
January 2016: Kidney International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26759049/the-mest-score-provides-earlier-risk-prediction-in-lga-nephropathy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sean J Barbour, Gabriela Espino-Hernandez, Heather N Reich, Rosanna Coppo, Ian S D Roberts, John Feehally, Andrew M Herzenberg, Daniel C Cattran
The Oxford Classification of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) includes the following four histologic components: mesangial (M) and endocapillary (E) hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis (S) and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (T). These combine to form the MEST score and are independently associated with renal outcome. Current prediction and risk stratification in IgAN requires clinical data over 2 years of follow-up. Using modern prediction tools, we examined whether combining MEST with cross-sectional clinical data at biopsy provides earlier risk prediction in IgAN than current best methods that use 2 years of follow-up data...
January 2016: Kidney International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25742686/risk-of-dementia-in-peritoneal-dialysis-patients-compared-with-hemodialysis-patients
#17
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Dawn F Wolfgram, Aniko Szabo, Anne M Murray, Jeff Whittle
BACKGROUND: Compared with similarly aged controls, patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and more rapid cognitive decline, which is not explained by traditional risk factors alone. Since previous small studies suggest an association of cognitive impairment with dialysis modality, we compared incident dementia among patients initiating hemodialysis (HD) vs peritoneal dialysis (PD) in a large national cohort. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of incident dialysis patients in the United States from 2006 to 2008 with no diagnosis of dementia prior to beginning dialysis...
2015: Peritoneal Dialysis International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25011387/interleukin-6-in-renal-disease-and-therapy
#18
REVIEW
Simon A Jones, Donald J Fraser, Ceri A Fielding, Gareth W Jones
Interleukin (IL)-6 has become a major target for clinical intervention in various autoimmune conditions. Here, drugs including the humanized anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody tocilizumab emphasize the clinical importance of IL-6 in driving disease and poor patient outcomes. During the course of this review, we will outline the biology surrounding IL-6 and discuss the impact of IL-6 in renal disease and the clinical complications associated with renal replacement therapies and transplantation. We will also consider the merit of IL-6 measurement as a prognostic indicator and provide a clinical perspective on IL-6-blocking therapies in renal disease...
April 2015: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24829463/chronic-kidney-disease-rather-than-illness-severity-predicts-medium-to-long-term-mortality-and-renal-outcome-after-acute-kidney-injury
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Findlay, Ken Donaldson, Sue Robertson, Alison Almond, Robert Flynn, Chris Isles
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) continues to be associated with a hospital mortality of ∼50%. Longer-term outcomes have been less well studied. We sought to determine the influence of ventilation and of underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) on medium and longterm mortality and renal outcomes. METHODS: All patients requiring RRT for AKI in south west Scotland between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2005 were followed prospectively...
April 2015: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24589721/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-towards-a-better-understanding-for-the-practicing-nephrologist
#20
REVIEW
Sanjeev Sethi, Richard J Glassock, Fernando C Fervenza
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common histopathological lesion that can represent a primary podocytopathy, or occur as an adaptive phenomenon consequent to nephron mass reduction, a scar from a healing vasculitic lesion, direct drug toxicity or viral infection among other secondary causes. Thus, the presence of an FSGS lesion in a renal biopsy does not confer a disease diagnosis, but rather represents the beginning of an exploratory process, hopefully leading ultimately to identification of a specific etiology and its appropriate treatment...
March 2015: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
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