collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26535499/emergency-point-of-care-ultrasound-detection-of-papilledema-in-the-pediatric-emergency-department
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxim Ben-Yakov, Marie-Pier Desjardins, Jason W J Fischer
The application of emergency point-of-care ultrasound has been expanding in pediatric emergency medicine for a decade. In this case series, we describe the detection of papilledema in patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department using this technology and its potential impact on their clinical care.
November 2015: Pediatric Emergency Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26495382/diagnostic-accuracy-of-optic-nerve-ultrasonography-and-ophthalmoscopy-in-prediction-of-elevated-intracranial-pressure
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keihan Golshani, Mehdi Ebrahim Zadeh, Ziba Farajzadegan, Fariborz Khorvash
INTRODUCTION: Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a major and potentially lethal disorder in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Several methods are being used to investigate for elevated ICP. Here we assessed and compared the diagnostic accuracy of two existing tools of ophthalmoscopy and optic nerve ultrasonography in detection of elevated ICP. METHODS: 131 participants with probable elevation of ICP referred to the emergency department of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, from 2012 to 2014, were enrolled...
2015: Emergency (Tehran, Iran)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26308609/point-of-care-ultrasound-for-the-detection-of-traumatic-intracranial-hemorrhage-in-infants-a-pilot-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor McCormick, Mikaela Chilstrom, Jeannine Childs, Ryan McGarry, Dina Seif, Thomas Mailhot, Phillips Perera, Tarina Kang, Ilene Claudius
OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography is the criterion standard imaging modality to detect intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in children and infants after closed head injury, but its use can be limited by patient instability, need for sedation, and risk of ionizing radiation exposure. Cranial ultrasound is used routinely to detect intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates. We sought to determine if point-of-care (POC) cranial ultrasound performed by emergency physicians can detect traumatic ICH in infants...
January 2017: Pediatric Emergency Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26167212/assessment-of-ultrasound-as-a-diagnostic-modality-for-detecting-potentially-unstable-cervical-spine-fractures-in-pediatric-severe-traumatic-brain-injury-a-feasibility-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Agrawal, Tej Prakash Sinha, Sanjeev Bhoi
BACKGROUND: Early cervical spine clearance is extremely important in unconscious trauma patients and may be difficult to achieve in emergency setting. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of standard portable ultrasound in detecting potentially unstable cervical spine injuries in severe traumatic brain injured (TBI) patients during initial resuscitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retro-prospective pilot study carried out over 1-month period (June-July 2013) after approval from the institutional ethics committee...
April 2015: Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25969641/can-sonographic-measurement-of-optic-nerve-sheath-diameter-be-used-to-detect-raised-intracranial-pressure-in-patients-with-tuberculous-meningitis-a-prospective-observational-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shruti V Sangani, Samira Parikh
UNLABELLED: CNS Tuberculosis can manifest as meningitis, arachnoiditis and a tuberculoma. The rupture of a tubercle into the subarachnoid space leads to Tuberculosis Meningitis (TBME); the resulting hypersensitivity reaction can lead to an elevation of the intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus. While bedside optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) ultrasonography (USG) can be a sensitive screening test for elevated intracranial pressure in adult head injury, little is known regarding ONSD measurements in Tuberculosis Meningitis...
April 2015: Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25742241/state-of-the-art-cranial-ultrasound-imaging-in-neonates
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ginette M Ecury-Goossen, Fleur A Camfferman, Lara M Leijser, Paul Govaert, Jeroen Dudink
Cranial ultrasound (CUS) is a reputable tool for brain imaging in critically ill neonates. It is safe, relatively cheap and easy to use, even when a patient is unstable. In addition it is radiation-free and allows serial imaging. CUS possibilities have steadily expanded. However, in many neonatal intensive care units, these possibilities are not optimally used. We present a comprehensive approach for neonatal CUS, focusing on optimal settings, different probes, multiple acoustic windows and Doppler techniques...
February 2, 2015: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25659371/transcranial-doppler-ultrasound-in-therapeutic-hypothermia-for-children-after-resuscitation
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jainn-Jim Lin, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Huei-Shyong Wang, Ming-Chou Chiang, Kuang-Lin Lin
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the present study was to assess the cerebral flow in children receiving therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation. The prognostic value of transcranial Doppler findings was correlated with the clinical outcomes in these children. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the paediatric intensive care unit of Chang Gung Children's Hospital between January 2011 and December 2012. All children from 1 month to 18 years of age who received therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation were eligible...
April 2015: Resuscitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25638313/transcranial-ultrasound-to-detect-elevated-intracranial-pressure-comparison-of-septum-pellucidum-undulations-and-optic-nerve-sheath-diameter
#8
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Susanne Bolesch, Frederic von Wegner, Christian Senft, Matthias W Lorenz
Two ultrasound tests that can be used to assess increased intracranial pressure (ICP) at the bedside are described. In outpatients receiving lumbar puncture and in intensive care patients with invasive ICP monitoring, we measured the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) with transbulbar B-mode sonography and septum pellucidum undulation (SPU) induced by repeated passive head rotation with transtemporal M-mode sonography. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of ONSD and SPU in the prediction of ICP >20 cm H2O...
May 2015: Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25533721/role-of-spinal-ultrasound-in-diagnosis-of-meningitis-in-infants-younger-than-6-months
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pankaj Nepal, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Akshay Kumar Saxena, Anmol Bhatia, Sunit Singhi, Niranjan Khandelwal
BACKGROUND: Spinal ultrasound (US) can detect changes in CSF echogenicity and decreased cord pulsations which reflect the inflammatory changes in meningitis. Till date, there is no published data about the prospective accuracy of spinal US in meningitis. OBJECTIVE: To assess accuracy of spinal US in diagnosis of meningitis in infants younger than 6 months. METHODS: This was an institute ethics committee approved prospective study carried out in infants less than 6 months of age with clinical suspicion of meningitis who presented to pediatric emergency unit...
March 2015: European Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25502695/ocular-ultrasound-as-an-easy-applicable-tool-for-detection-of-terson-s-syndrome-after-aneurysmal-subarachnoid-hemorrhage
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Czorlich, Till Burkhardt, Volker Knospe, Gisbert Richard, Eik Vettorazzi, Lars Wagenfeld, Manfred Westphal, Jan Regelsberger, Christos Skevas
INTRODUCTION: Intraocular hemorrhage in patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is known as Terson's syndrome and is an underestimated but common pathology. We therefore designed a prospective single-blinded study to evaluate the validity of ocular ultrasound compared to the gold standard indirect funduscopy in the diagnosis of Terson's syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients (104 eyes in total) suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were enrolled in this study...
2014: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25425840/optic-nerve-sheath-diameter-as-a-marker-for-evaluation-and-prognostication-of-intracranial-pressure-in-indian-patients-an-observational-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chetan G Shirodkar, S Manimala Rao, Dnyaneshwar P Mutkule, Yogesh R Harde, Pradeep M Venkategowda, M Uma Mahesh
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim was to evaluate efficacy of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound as a noninvasive method for detecting raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in intensive care unit, to compare with computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of raised ICP and to prognosticate ONSD value with treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational study on 101 adults by including 41 healthy individuals in group A as control and 60 patients in group B admitted with fever, headache, vomiting, and altered sensorium...
November 2014: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25381872/implementation-of-transcranial-doppler-ultrasonography-screening-and-primary-stroke-prevention-in-urban-and-rural-sickle-cell-disease-populations
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samiya Hussain, Fenwick Nichols, Latanya Bowman, Hongyan Xu, Cindy Neunert
BACKGROUND: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography identifies children with sickle cell disease (SCD) at increased risk of stroke. Initiation of chronic transfusions as primary stroke prevention in children with abnormal TCD significantly reduces stroke risk. Here, we report the results describing the implementation of TCD screening and primary stroke prevention in both urban and rural clinical practices. PROCEDURE: Retrospective chart review identified children ages 2-16 years with Hgb SS or Sß0 -thalassemia and no history of stroke followed in either the local urban or rural SCD clinics at Georgia Regents University...
February 2015: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25276307/echography-in-brain-imaging-in-intensive-care-unit-state-of-the-art
#13
REVIEW
Anselmo Caricato, Sara Pitoni, Luca Montini, Maria Grazia Bocci, Pina Annetta, Massimo Antonelli
Transcranial sonography (TCS) is an ultrasound-based imaging technique, which allows the identification of several structures within the brain parenchyma. In the past it has been applied for bedside assessment of different intracranial pathologies in children. Presently, TCS is also used on adult patients to diagnose intracranial space occupying lesions of various origins, intracranial hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, midline shift and neurodegenerative movement disorders, in both acute and chronic clinical settings...
September 28, 2014: World Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25284485/optic-nerve-sheath-diameter-and-lumbar-puncture-opening-pressure-in-nontrauma-patients-suspected-of-elevated-intracranial-pressure
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Terrell S Caffery, J Nelson Perret, Mandi W Musso, Glenn N Jones
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with nontraumatic causes of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) could be identified by ultrasound measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). It was hypothesized that an ONSD greater than or equal to 5 mm would identify patients with elevated ICP. METHOD: This was a prospective observational trial comparing ONSD with ICP measured by opening pressure manometry on lumbar puncture (LP). The cohort consisted of a convenience sample of adult patients presenting to the emergency department, requiring LP...
December 2014: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25177397/sonography-of-the-optic-nerve-sheath-beyond-the-hyperacute-stage-of-intracerebral-hemorrhage
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piergiorgio Lochner, Cornelia Mader, Raffaele Nardone, Frediano Tezzon, Maria Luisa Zedde, Giovanni Malferrari, Francesco Brigo
PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and utility of serial measuring of the optic nerve sheath diameter beyond the hyperacute and acute stage of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: Four patients with extensive ICH in the left basal ganglia were followed using ultrasound (US) and cerebral CT scans. RESULTS: Optic nerve sheath diameter values assessed beyond the acute stage of ICH showed a high correlation (ρ = 0.84, p = 0.0022) with midline shift of the third ventricle seen on CT scans...
September 2014: Journal of Ultrasound
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25072475/transcranial-doppler-based-assessment-of-cerebral-autoregulation-in-critically-ill-children-during-diabetic-ketoacidosis-treatment
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Ma, Joan S Roberts, Catherine Pihoker, Todd L Richards, Dennis W W Shaw, Ken I Marro, Monica S Vavilala
OBJECTIVES: Impaired cerebral autoregulation may be associated with poor outcome in diabetic ketoacidosis. We examined change in cerebral autoregulation during diabetic ketoacidosis treatment. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS/SUBJECTS: Children admitted to the ICU with diabetic ketoacidosis (venous pH < 7.3, glucose > 300 mg/dL, HCO3 < 15 mEq/L, and ketonuria) constituted cases, and children with type I diabetes without diabetic ketoacidosis constituted controls...
October 2014: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25055860/cranial-ultrasound-optimizing-utility-in-the-nicu
#17
REVIEW
Gerda van Wezel-Meijler, Linda S de Vries
Cranial ultrasonography (cUS) is a reliable tool to detect the most frequently occurring congenital and acquired brain abnormalities in full-term and preterm neonates. Appropriate equipment, including a dedicated ultrasound machine and appropriately sized transducers with special settings for cUS of the newborn brain, and ample experience of the ultrasonographist are required to obtain optimal image quality. When, in addition, supplemental acoustic windows are used whenever indicated and cUS imaging is performed from admission throughout the neonatal period, the majority of the lesions will be diagnosed with information on timing and evolution of brain injury and on ongoing brain maturation...
2014: Current Pediatric Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24890085/neonatal-neurosonography
#18
REVIEW
Michael Riccabona
Paediatric and particularly neonatal neurosonography still remains a mainstay of imaging the neonatal brain. It can be performed at the bedside without any need for sedation or specific monitoring. There are a number of neurologic conditions that significantly influence morbidity and mortality in neonates and infants related to the brain and the spinal cord; most of them can be addressed by ultrasonography (US). However, with the introduction of first CT and then MRI, neonatal neurosonography is increasingly considered just a basic first line technique that offers only orienting information and does not deliver much relevant information...
September 2014: European Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24856752/acute-pediatric-stroke-what-s-the-hurry-a-case-for-emergency-physician-performed-echocardiography
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher D Thom, Scott E Sparks
Acute ischemic stroke in a pediatric population is uncommon and has a different etiology from the adult population. We describe a case of acute ischemic stroke for which emergent, physician-sonographer–performed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) changed his outcome.The patient in this case presented with left-sided hemiparesis,with subsequent CT Angiography (CTA) imaging and follow-on neurosurgical embolectomy for a proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion after which showed early recovery of muscular deficit...
November 2014: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23728433/bedside-optic-nerve-sheath-diameter-ultrasound-for-the-evaluation-of-suspected-pediatric-ventriculoperitoneal-shunt-failure-in-the-emergency-department
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Kennedy Hall, David M Spiro, Alfredo Sabbaj, Christopher L Moore, Katharine L Hopkins, Garth D Meckler
OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and test characteristics of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured by ocular ultrasound as a screening tool for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) failure. METHODS: Prospective observational study using a convenience sample of children 6 months to 18 years of age, presenting to an academic pediatric emergency department for evaluation of possible VPS failure between September 2008 and March 2009. ONSD was measured by anterior transbulbar and lateral transbulbar techniques...
December 2013: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
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