Use the collections feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up
Collections
Medical Ethics
Medical Ethics
• Trending issues in health policy, medical ethics and philosophy of medicine
#21
REVIEW
Adam Rodman, Anthony C Breu
Cardiopulmonary determination of death is a mainstay of the practice of internal medicine and pulmonary physicians. Despite this, there is considerable variability in death examinations. This article tracks the evolution of the tripartite death examination, initially developed in the middle of the 19th century to protect against premature burial. Although the societal context for controversies about death determination has shifted to discussions about end-of-life care in ICUs and organ transplantation, the cardiopulmonary death examination has largely remained unchanged from its original formulation...
February 2022: Chest
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Young, Yelena G Bodien, Joseph T Giacino, Joseph J Fins, Robert D Truog, Leigh R Hochberg, Brian L Edlow
Neuroethical questions raised by recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of consciousness are rapidly expanding, increasingly relevant and yet underexplored. The aim of this thematic review is to provide a clinically applicable framework for understanding the current taxonomy of disorders of consciousness and to propose an approach to identifying and critically evaluating actionable neuroethical issues that are frequently encountered in research and clinical care for this vulnerable population...
December 16, 2021: Brain
#23
MULTICENTER STUDY
Lars Christensen, Hanne Jensen, Steffen Kristensen, Mathias Goldinger, Jakob Gjedsted, Steffen Christensen, Charles Sprung, Alex Avidan, Spyros D Mentzelopoulos, Hans-Henrik Bulow
INTRODUCTION: Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) have treatment limited or withdrawn if further treatment is considered futile. This multicentre prospective observational study was part of a European study of patterns of limitations. METHODS: In the first six months of 2016, all patients admitted to three Danish ICUs were screened and those with treatment limitations or death in the ICU were included. End-of-life outcomes were classified into five mutually exclusive categories: withholding, withdrawing, shortening of dying process, failed cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and brain death...
July 13, 2021: Danish Medical Journal
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joncarmen V Mergenthaler, Winston Chiong, Daniel Dohan, Josh Feler, Cailin R Lechner, Philip A Starr, Jalayne J Arias
Intracranial electrophysiological research methods, including those applying electrodes on the cortical surface or in deep structures, have become increasingly important in human neuroscience. They also pose novel ethical concerns, as human studies require the participation of neurological patients undergoing surgery for conditions such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. Research participants in this setting may be vulnerable to conflicts of interest, therapeutic misconception, and other threats to valid recruitment and consent...
January 2021: AJOB Neuroscience
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine E MacDuffie, Scott Ransom, Eran Klein
Neurotechnologies are rapidly being developed with the aim of alleviating suffering caused by disease and assisting individuals with various disabilities. As the capabilities and applications of neural devices advance, potential ethical challenges related to agency, identity, privacy, equality, normality and justice have been noted. We sought to explore attitudes toward these ethical challenges in two important, but understudied groups of stakeholders-members of the neural device industry and members of the general public...
March 31, 2021: AJOB Neuroscience
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Goering, Eran Klein, Laura Specker Sullivan, Anna Wexler, Blaise Agüera Y Arcas, Guoqiang Bi, Jose M Carmena, Joseph J Fins, Phoebe Friesen, Jack Gallant, Jane E Huggins, Philipp Kellmeyer, Adam Marblestone, Christine Mitchell, Erik Parens, Michelle Pham, Alan Rubel, Norihiro Sadato, Mina Teicher, David Wasserman, Meredith Whittaker, Jonathan Wolpaw, Rafael Yuste
Advancements in novel neurotechnologies, such as brain computer interfaces (BCI) and neuromodulatory devices such as deep brain stimulators (DBS), will have profound implications for society and human rights. While these technologies are improving the diagnosis and treatment of mental and neurological diseases, they can also alter individual agency and estrange those using neurotechnologies from their sense of self, challenging basic notions of what it means to be human. As an international coalition of interdisciplinary scholars and practitioners, we examine these challenges and make recommendations to mitigate negative consequences that could arise from the unregulated development or application of novel neurotechnologies...
2021: Neuroethics
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vinata Vedam-Mai, Karl Deisseroth, James Giordano, Gabriel Lazaro-Munoz, Winston Chiong, Nanthia Suthana, Jean-Philippe Langevin, Jay Gill, Wayne Goodman, Nicole R Provenza, Casey H Halpern, Rajat S Shivacharan, Tricia N Cunningham, Sameer A Sheth, Nader Pouratian, Katherine W Scangos, Helen S Mayberg, Andreas Horn, Kara A Johnson, Christopher R Butson, Ro'ee Gilron, Coralie de Hemptinne, Robert Wilt, Maria Yaroshinsky, Simon Little, Philip Starr, Greg Worrell, Prasad Shirvalkar, Edward Chang, Jens Volkmann, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Sergiu Groppa, Andrea A Kühn, Luming Li, Matthew Johnson, Kevin J Otto, Robert Raike, Steve Goetz, Chengyuan Wu, Peter Silburn, Binith Cheeran, Yagna J Pathak, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Aysegul Gunduz, Joshua K Wong, Stephanie Cernera, Wei Hu, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, Wissam Deeb, Addie Patterson, Kelly D Foote, Michael S Okun
We estimate that 208,000 deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices have been implanted to address neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders worldwide. DBS Think Tank presenters pooled data and determined that DBS expanded in its scope and has been applied to multiple brain disorders in an effort to modulate neural circuitry. The DBS Think Tank was founded in 2012 providing a space where clinicians, engineers, researchers from industry and academia discuss current and emerging DBS technologies and logistical and ethical issues facing the field...
2021: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janicke Syltern, Lars Ursin, Berge Solberg, Ragnhild Støen
Advances in neonatology have led to improved survival for periviable infants. Immaturity still carries a high risk of short- and long-term harms, and uncertainty turns provision of life support into an ethical dilemma. Shared decision-making with parents has gained ground. However, the need to start immediate life support and the ensuing difficulty of withdrawing treatment stands in tension with the possibility of a fair decision-making process. Both the parental "instinct of saving" and "withdrawal resistance" involved can preclude shared decision-making...
November 2022: American Journal of Bioethics: AJOB
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey R Tenney, David Gloss, Ravindra Arya, Peter W Kaplan, Ronald Lesser, Vicki Sexton, Marc Nuwer
Despite many decades of research, controversy regarding the utility of quantitative EEG (qEEG) for the accurate diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remains. This guideline is meant to assist clinicians by providing an expert review of the clinical usefulness of qEEG techniques for the diagnosis of mTBI. This guideline addresses the following primary aim: For patients with or without posttraumatic symptoms (abnormal cognition or behavior), does qEEG either at the time of injury or remote from the injury, as compared with current clinical diagnostic criteria, accurately identify those patients with mTBI (i...
July 1, 2021: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara J Hussain, Mary K Vollmer, Jessica Stimely, Gina Norato, Christoph Zrenner, Ulf Ziemann, Ethan R Buch, Leonardo G Cohen
BACKGROUND: Skill learning engages offline activity in the primary motor cortex (M1). Sensorimotor cortical activity oscillates between excitatory trough and inhibitory peak phases of the mu (8-12 Hz) rhythm. We recently showed that these mu phases influence the magnitude and direction of neuroplasticity induction within M1. However, the contribution of M1 activity during mu peak and trough phases to human skill learning has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of phase-dependent TMS during mu peak and trough phases on offline learning of a newly-acquired motor skill...
July 2021: Brain Stimulation
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Judith E Vida
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 26, 2021: American Journal of Psychoanalysis
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael E Reznik, Scott Moody, Kayleigh Murray, Samantha Costa, Brian Mac Grory, Tracy E Madsen, Ali Mahta, Linda C Wendell, Bradford B Thompson, Shyam S Rao, Christoph Stretz, Kevin N Sheth, David Y Hwang, Darin B Zahuranec, Matthew Schrag, Lori A Daiello, Wael F Asaad, Richard N Jones, Karen L Furie
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of delirium on withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the context of established predictors of poor outcome, using data from an institutional ICH registry. METHODS: We performed a single-center cohort study on consecutive patients with ICH admitted over 12 months. ICH features were prospectively adjudicated, and WLST and corresponding hospital day were recorded retrospectively. Patients were categorized using DSM-5 criteria as never delirious, ever delirious (either on admission or later during hospitalization), or persistently comatose...
November 17, 2020: Neurology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Purav Mody, Ambarish Pandey, Arthur S Slutsky, Matthew W Segar, Alex Kiss, Paul Dorian, Janet Parsons, Damon C Scales, Valeria E Rac, Sheldon Cheskes, Arlene S Bierman, Beth L Abramson, Sara Gray, Rob A Fowler, Katie N Dainty, Ahamed H Idris, Laurie Morrison
BACKGROUND: Studies examining gender-based differences in outcomes of patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have demonstrated that, despite a higher likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation, women do not have higher survival. METHODS: Patients successfully resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest enrolled in the CCC trial (Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR) were included. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between gender and survival after adjustment for age, gender, cardiac arrest rhythm, witnessed status, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, episode location, epinephrine dose, emergency medical services response time, and duration of resuscitation...
February 16, 2021: Circulation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaul David Botschko, Gabriel Izbicki
It is generally understood that Jewish law requires every effort to be made to extend the life of a terminally ill patient using routine treatments, whether he is conscious or not, and whether he wants his life prolonged or is opposed to it. The "Law for Patients Wishing to Die" proposes this approach with slight variations. This article discusses the patient who wishes to die from a Jewish viewpoint, illustrating that this is not the only Jewish approach. The role of the doctor is to cure and not to extend a life of suffering in any case...
May 2021: Harefuah
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Hanwell Riker
The author seeks to articulate the philosophical significance of Heinz Kohut's original theory of the self by showing (a) how it explains the basis of our ability to create and be motivated by personal ideals; (b) how it transforms our understanding of ethical life by showing why it is in one's self-interest to become an empathic, respectful person who embodies the moral virtues as articulated by Aristotle; and (c) how it reverberates with profound insights into what it means to be human by some of the most esteemed philosophers in the Western philosophic tradition, especially Plato, Aristotle, Hegel, and Nietzsche...
June 2021: Psychoanalytic Review
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irma Karabegović, Eliana Portilla-Fernandez, Yang Li, Jiantao Ma, Silvana C E Maas, Daokun Sun, Emily A Hu, Brigitte Kühnel, Yan Zhang, Srikant Ambatipudi, Giovanni Fiorito, Jian Huang, Juan E Castillo-Fernandez, Kerri L Wiggins, Niek de Klein, Sara Grioni, Brenton R Swenson, Silvia Polidoro, Jorien L Treur, Cyrille Cuenin, Pei-Chien Tsai, Ricardo Costeira, Veronique Chajes, Kim Braun, Niek Verweij, Anja Kretschmer, Lude Franke, Joyce B J van Meurs, André G Uitterlinden, Robert J de Knegt, M Arfan Ikram, Abbas Dehghan, Annette Peters, Ben Schöttker, Sina A Gharib, Nona Sotoodehnia, Jordana T Bell, Paul Elliott, Paolo Vineis, Caroline Relton, Zdenko Herceg, Hermann Brenner, Melanie Waldenberger, Casey M Rebholz, Trudy Voortman, Qiuwei Pan, Myriam Fornage, Daniel Levy, Manfred Kayser, Mohsen Ghanbari
Coffee and tea are extensively consumed beverages worldwide which have received considerable attention regarding health. Intake of these beverages is consistently linked to, among others, reduced risk of diabetes and liver diseases; however, the mechanisms of action remain elusive. Epigenetics is suggested as a mechanism mediating the effects of dietary and lifestyle factors on disease onset. Here we report the results from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) on coffee and tea consumption in 15,789 participants of European and African-American ancestries from 15 cohorts...
May 14, 2021: Nature Communications
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mar Guasp, Eloi Giné-Servén, Estibaliz Maudes, Mireia Rosa-Justicia, Eugenia Martínez-Hernández, Ester Boix-Quintana, Miquel Bioque, Virginia Casado, Yasmina Módena-Ouarzi, Nicolau Guanyabens, Desiree Muriana, Gisela Sugranyes, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Eva Davi-Loscos, Cristina Torres-Rivas, José Ríos, Lidia Sabater, Albert Saiz, Francesc Graus, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Eduard Parellada, Josep Dalmau
OBJECTIVES: To report the neuropsychiatric features and frequency of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) and other neuronal immunoglobulin G antibodies in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and to assess the performance of reported warning signs and criteria for autoimmune psychosis (AP). METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of patients with FEP assessed for neuropsychiatric symptoms, serum and CSF neuronal antibodies (brain immunohistochemistry, cell-based assays, live neurons), and warning signs and criteria of AP...
July 6, 2021: Neurology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Alan Shewmon
Discrepancies between the Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) and the adult and pediatric diagnostic guidelines for brain death (BD) (the "Guidelines") have motivated proposals to revise the UDDA. A revision proposed by Lewis, Bonnie and Pope (the RUDDA), has received particular attention, the three novelties of which would be: (1) to specify the Guidelines as the legally recognized "medical standard," (2) to exclude hypothalamic function from the category of "brain function," and (3) to authorize physicians to conduct an apnea test without consent and even over a proxy's objection...
May 14, 2021: Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Young, David J Lin, Leigh R Hochberg
Recent advances in brain-computer interface technology to restore and rehabilitate neurologic function aim to enable persons with disabling neurologic conditions to communicate, interact with the environment, and achieve other key activities of daily living and personal goals. Here we evaluate the principles, benefits, challenges, and future directions of brain-computer interfaces in the context of neurorehabilitation. We then explore the clinical translation of these technologies and propose an approach to facilitate implementation of brain-computer interfaces for persons with neurologic disease...
April 2021: Seminars in Neurology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelley Finch Newcomer, Robert L Fine, Antoinette Fidelia Newman
Supportive Palliative Care and Hospice professionals frequently attend to Minimally Conscious State (MCS) patients near the end of life and in so doing, face decisions over maintenance or withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration. Although both withholding and withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) in such circumstances are considered by experts in ethics and law to be acceptable, not all families nor health care professionals agree. This paper will explore basic aspects of serious brain injuries, especially MCS, the psychological role of food in interpersonal relationships, and lessons from clinical ethics that can help in goals of care discussions about withdrawal of ANH...
October 2023: Journal of Palliative Care
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
