collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35110546/a-population-based-cohort-study-of-obesity-ethnicity-and-covid-19-mortality-in-12-6-million-adults-in-england
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Yates, Annabel Summerfield, Cameron Razieh, Amitava Banerjee, Yogini Chudasama, Melanie J Davies, Clare Gillies, Nazrul Islam, Claire Lawson, Evgeny Mirkes, Francesco Zaccardi, Kamlesh Khunti, Vahé Nafilyan
Obesity and ethnicity are known risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes, but their combination has not been extensively examined. We investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and COVID-19 mortality across different ethnic groups using linked national Census, electronic health records and mortality data for adults in England from the start of pandemic (January 2020) to December 2020. There were 30,067 (0.27%), 1,208 (0.29%), 1,831 (0.29%), 845 (0.18%) COVID-19 deaths in white, Black, South Asian and other ethnic minority groups, respectively...
February 2, 2022: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35064248/a-guide-to-immunotherapy-for-covid-19
#22
REVIEW
Frank L van de Veerdonk, Evangelos Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Peter Pickkers, Lennie Derde, Helen Leavis, Reinout van Crevel, Job J Engel, W Joost Wiersinga, Alexander P J Vlaar, Manu Shankar-Hari, Tom van der Poll, Marc Bonten, Derek C Angus, Jos W M van der Meer, Mihai G Netea
Immune dysregulation is an important component of the pathophysiology of COVID-19. A large body of literature has reported the effect of immune-based therapies in patients with COVID-19, with some remarkable successes such as the use of steroids or anti-cytokine therapies. However, challenges in clinical decision-making arise from the complexity of the disease phenotypes and patient heterogeneity, as well as the variable quality of evidence from immunotherapy studies. This Review aims to support clinical decision-making by providing an overview of the evidence generated by major clinical trials of host-directed therapy...
January 2022: Nature Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35121478/clinical-update-on-covid-19-for-the-emergency-clinician-presentation-and-evaluation
#23
REVIEW
Brit Long, Brandon M Carius, Summer Chavez, Stephen Y Liang, William J Brady, Alex Koyfman, Michael Gottlieb
INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in millions of cases worldwide. As the pandemic has progressed, the understanding of this disease has evolved. OBJECTIVE: This first in a two-part series on COVID-19 updates provides a focused overview of the presentation and evaluation of COVID-19 for emergency clinicians. DISCUSSION: COVID-19, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide...
April 2022: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35114141/safety-and-immunogenicity-of-a-high-dose-quadrivalent-influenza-vaccine-administered-concomitantly-with-a-third-dose-of-the-mrna-1273-sars-cov-2-vaccine-in-adults-aged-%C3%A2-65-years-a-phase-2-randomised-open-label-study
#24
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Ruvim Izikson, Daniel Brune, Jean-Sébastien Bolduc, Pierre Bourron, Marion Fournier, Tamala Mallett Moore, Aseem Pandey, Lucia Perez, Nessryne Sater, Anju Shrestha, Sophie Wague, Sandrine I Samson
BACKGROUND: Concomitant seasonal influenza vaccination with a COVID-19 vaccine booster could help to minimise potential disruption to the seasonal influenza vaccination campaign and maximise protection against both diseases among individuals at risk of severe disease and hospitalisation. This study aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD) and a mRNA-1273 vaccine booster dose in older adults. METHODS: This study is an ongoing, phase 2, multicentre, open-label, descriptive trial at six clinical research sites in the USA...
April 2022: Lancet Respiratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35216672/multiple-early-factors-anticipate-post-acute-covid-19-sequelae
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yapeng Su, Dan Yuan, Daniel G Chen, Rachel H Ng, Kai Wang, Jongchan Choi, Sarah Li, Sunga Hong, Rongyu Zhang, Jingyi Xie, Sergey A Kornilov, Kelsey Scherler, Ana Jimena Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, Shen Dong, Christopher Lausted, Inyoul Lee, Shannon Fallen, Chengzhen L Dai, Priyanka Baloni, Brett Smith, Venkata R Duvvuri, Kristin G Anderson, Jing Li, Fan Yang, Caroline J Duncombe, Denise J McCulloch, Clifford Rostomily, Pamela Troisch, Jing Zhou, Sean Mackay, Quinn DeGottardi, Damon H May, Ruth Taniguchi, Rachel M Gittelman, Mark Klinger, Thomas M Snyder, Ryan Roper, Gladys Wojciechowska, Kim Murray, Rick Edmark, Simon Evans, Lesley Jones, Yong Zhou, Lee Rowen, Rachel Liu, William Chour, Heather A Algren, William R Berrington, Julie A Wallick, Rebecca A Cochran, Mary E Micikas, Terri Wrin, Christos J Petropoulos, Hunter R Cole, Trevan D Fischer, Wei Wei, Dave S B Hoon, Nathan D Price, Naeha Subramanian, Joshua A Hill, Jennifer Hadlock, Andrew T Magis, Antoni Ribas, Lewis L Lanier, Scott D Boyd, Jeffrey A Bluestone, Helen Chu, Leroy Hood, Raphael Gottardo, Philip D Greenberg, Mark M Davis, Jason D Goldman, James R Heath
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) represent an emerging global crisis. However, quantifiable risk factors for PASC and their biological associations are poorly resolved. We executed a deep multi-omic, longitudinal investigation of 309 COVID-19 patients from initial diagnosis to convalescence (2-3 months later), integrated with clinical data and patient-reported symptoms. We resolved four PASC-anticipating risk factors at the time of initial COVID-19 diagnosis: type 2 diabetes, SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia, Epstein-Barr virus viremia, and specific auto-antibodies...
March 3, 2022: Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35072716/clinical-outcomes-among-patients-with-1-year-survival-following-intensive-care-unit-treatment-for-covid-19
#26
MULTICENTER STUDY
Hidde Heesakkers, Johannes G van der Hoeven, Stijn Corsten, Inge Janssen, Esther Ewalds, Koen S Simons, Brigitte Westerhof, Thijs C D Rettig, Crétien Jacobs, Susanne van Santen, Arjen J C Slooter, Margaretha C E van der Woude, Mark van den Boogaard, Marieke Zegers
IMPORTANCE: One-year outcomes in patients who have had COVID-19 and who received treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence of physical, mental, and cognitive symptoms among patients with COVID-19 at 1 year after ICU treatment. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: An exploratory prospective multicenter cohort study conducted in ICUs of 11 Dutch hospitals. Patients (N = 452) with COVID-19, aged 16 years and older, and alive after hospital discharge following admission to 1 of the 11 ICUs during the first COVID-19 surge (March 1, 2020, until July 1, 2020) were eligible for inclusion...
February 8, 2022: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35072713/effect-of-noninvasive-respiratory-strategies-on-intubation-or-mortality-among-patients-with-acute-hypoxemic-respiratory-failure-and-covid-19-the-recovery-rs-randomized-clinical-trial
#27
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Gavin D Perkins, Chen Ji, Bronwen A Connolly, Keith Couper, Ranjit Lall, J Kenneth Baillie, Judy M Bradley, Paul Dark, Chirag Dave, Anthony De Soyza, Anna V Dennis, Anne Devrell, Sara Fairbairn, Hakim Ghani, Ellen A Gorman, Christopher A Green, Nicholas Hart, Siew Wan Hee, Zoe Kimbley, Shyam Madathil, Nicola McGowan, Benjamin Messer, Jay Naisbitt, Chloe Norman, Dhruv Parekh, Emma M Parkin, Jaimin Patel, Scott E Regan, Clare Ross, Anthony J Rostron, Mohammad Saim, Anita K Simonds, Emma Skilton, Nigel Stallard, Michael Steiner, Rama Vancheeswaran, Joyce Yeung, Daniel F McAuley
IMPORTANCE: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) have been recommended for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19. Uncertainty exists regarding the effectiveness and safety of these noninvasive respiratory strategies. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether either CPAP or HFNO, compared with conventional oxygen therapy, improves clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure...
February 8, 2022: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35067909/efficacy-of-covid-19-vaccine-booster-doses-in-older-people
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camilla Mattiuzzi, Giuseppe Lippi
PURPOSE: We provide here an updated analysis on efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses in older people (i.e., aged ≥ 80 years) based on ongoing Italian nationwide COVID-19 vaccination campaign. METHODS: Data were obtained from the COVID-19 national integrated surveillance program, made available and regularly updated by the Italian National Institute of Health. RESULTS: Compared to those who completed the COVID-19 vaccination cycle for ≥ 5 months (n = 2,385,897), those receiving booster doses (n = 1,549,747) had 75% lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 82-83% lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and ICU admission, and 81% lower risk of death...
February 2022: European Geriatric Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35072699/sars-cov-2-antibody-response-after-chadox1-ncov-19-vaccination-in-persons-with-previous-sars-cov-1-infection
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Chun Chen, Sheng-Nan Lu, Huey-Ling You, Chih-Chi Wang, Ing-Kit Lee
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 24, 2022: JAMA Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34986294/effect-of-covid-19-vaccination-on-transmission-of-alpha-and-delta-variants
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David W Eyre, Donald Taylor, Mark Purver, David Chapman, Tom Fowler, Koen B Pouwels, A Sarah Walker, Tim E A Peto
BACKGROUND: Before the emergence of the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), vaccination reduced transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from vaccinated persons who became infected, potentially by reducing viral loads. Although vaccination still lowers the risk of infection, similar viral loads in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons who are infected with the delta variant call into question the degree to which vaccination prevents transmission...
February 24, 2022: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35021002/duration-of-protection-against-mild-and-severe-disease-by-covid-19-vaccines
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nick Andrews, Elise Tessier, Julia Stowe, Charlotte Gower, Freja Kirsebom, Ruth Simmons, Eileen Gallagher, Simon Thelwall, Natalie Groves, Gavin Dabrera, Richard Myers, Colin N J Campbell, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Matt Edmunds, Maria Zambon, Kevin Brown, Susan Hopkins, Meera Chand, Shamez N Ladhani, Mary Ramsay, Jamie Lopez Bernal
BACKGROUND: Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), have been used since December 2020 in the United Kingdom. Real-world data have shown the vaccines to be highly effective against Covid-19 and related severe disease and death. Vaccine effectiveness may wane over time since the receipt of the second dose of the ChAdOx1-S (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) and BNT162b2 vaccines. METHODS: We used a test-negative case-control design to estimate vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic Covid-19 and related hospitalization and death in England...
January 12, 2022: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35029629/effect-of-subcutaneous-casirivimab-and-imdevimab-antibody-combination-vs-placebo-on-development-of-symptomatic-covid-19-in-early-asymptomatic-sars-cov-2-infection-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#32
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Meagan P O'Brien, Eduardo Forleo-Neto, Neena Sarkar, Flonza Isa, Peijie Hou, Kuo-Chen Chan, Bret J Musser, Katharine J Bar, Ruanne V Barnabas, Dan H Barouch, Myron S Cohen, Christopher B Hurt, Dale R Burwen, Mary A Marovich, Elizabeth R Brown, Ingeborg Heirman, John D Davis, Kenneth C Turner, Divya Ramesh, Adnan Mahmood, Andrea T Hooper, Jennifer D Hamilton, Yunji Kim, Lisa A Purcell, Alina Baum, Christos A Kyratsous, James Krainson, Richard Perez-Perez, Rizwana Mohseni, Bari Kowal, A Thomas DiCioccio, Gregory P Geba, Neil Stahl, Leah Lipsich, Ned Braunstein, Gary Herman, George D Yancopoulos, David M Weinreich
IMPORTANCE: Easy-to-administer anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatments may be used to prevent progression from asymptomatic infection to symptomatic disease and to reduce viral carriage. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of combination subcutaneous casirivimab and imdevimab on progression from early asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection to symptomatic COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial of close household contacts of a SARS-CoV-2-infected index case at 112 sites in the US, Romania, and Moldova enrolled July 13, 2020-January 28, 2021; follow-up ended March 11, 2021...
February 1, 2022: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34982107/association-of-birth-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-with-neurodevelopmental-status-at-6-months-in-infants-with-and-without-in-utero-exposure-to-maternal-sars-cov-2-infection
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren C Shuffrey, Morgan R Firestein, Margaret H Kyle, Andrea Fields, Carmela Alcántara, Dima Amso, Judy Austin, Jennifer M Bain, Jennifer Barbosa, Mary Bence, Catherine Bianco, Cristina R Fernández, Sylvie Goldman, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Violet Hott, Yunzhe Hu, Maha Hussain, Pam Factor-Litvak, Maristella Lucchini, Arthur Mandel, Rachel Marsh, Danielle McBrian, Mirella Mourad, Rebecca Muhle, Kimberly G Noble, Anna A Penn, Cynthia Rodriguez, Ayesha Sania, Wendy G Silver, Kally C O'Reilly, Melissa Stockwell, Nim Tottenham, Martha G Welch, Noelia Zork, William P Fifer, Catherine Monk, Dani Dumitriu
Importance: Associations between in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurodevelopment are speculated, but currently unknown. Objective: To examine the associations between maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, being born during the COVID-19 pandemic regardless of maternal SARS-CoV-2 status, and neurodevelopment at age 6 months. Design, Setting, and Participants: A cohort of infants exposed to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and unexposed controls was enrolled in the COVID-19 Mother Baby Outcomes Initiative at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York City...
June 1, 2022: JAMA Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34937145/early-remdesivir-to-prevent-progression-to-severe-covid-19-in-outpatients
#34
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Robert L Gottlieb, Carlos E Vaca, Roger Paredes, Jorge Mera, Brandon J Webb, Gilberto Perez, Godson Oguchi, Pablo Ryan, Bibi U Nielsen, Michael Brown, Ausberto Hidalgo, Yessica Sachdeva, Shilpi Mittal, Olayemi Osiyemi, Jacek Skarbinski, Kavita Juneja, Robert H Hyland, Anu Osinusi, Shuguang Chen, Gregory Camus, Mazin Abdelghany, Santosh Davies, Nicole Behenna-Renton, Frank Duff, Francisco M Marty, Morgan J Katz, Adit A Ginde, Samuel M Brown, Joshua T Schiffer, Joshua A Hill
BACKGROUND: Remdesivir improves clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with moderate-to-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Whether the use of remdesivir in symptomatic, nonhospitalized patients with Covid-19 who are at high risk for disease progression prevents hospitalization is uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving nonhospitalized patients with Covid-19 who had symptom onset within the previous 7 days and who had at least one risk factor for disease progression (age ≥60 years, obesity, or certain coexisting medical conditions)...
January 27, 2022: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34989789/a-national-strategy-for-the-new-normal-of-life-with-covid
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ezekiel J Emanuel, Michael Osterholm, Celine R Gounder
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 18, 2022: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34991109/association-between-menstrual-cycle-length-and-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-vaccination-a-u-s-cohort
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison Edelman, Emily R Boniface, Eleonora Benhar, Leo Han, Kristen A Matteson, Carlotta Favaro, Jack T Pearson, Blair G Darney
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with changes in cycle or menses length in those receiving vaccination as compared with an unvaccinated cohort. METHODS: We analyzed prospectively tracked menstrual cycle data using the application "Natural Cycles." We included U.S. residents aged 18-45 years with normal cycle lengths (24-38 days) for three consecutive cycles before the first vaccine dose followed by vaccine-dose cycles (cycles 4-6) or, if unvaccinated, six cycles over a similar time period...
April 1, 2022: Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34996496/impact-of-exposure-time-in-awake-prone-positioning-on-clinical-outcomes-of-patients-with-covid-19-related-acute-respiratory-failure-treated-with-high-flow-nasal-oxygen-a-multicenter-cohort-study
#37
MULTICENTER STUDY
Mariano Esperatti, Marina Busico, Nora Angélica Fuentes, Adrian Gallardo, Javier Osatnik, Alejandra Vitali, Elizabeth Gisele Wasinger, Matías Olmos, Jorgelina Quintana, Santiago Nicolas Saavedra, Ana Inés Lagazio, Facundo Juan Andrada, Hiromi Kakisu, Nahuel Esteban Romano, Agustin Matarrese, Mariela Adriana Mogadouro, Giuliana Mast, Claudia Navarro Moreno, Greta Dennise Rebaza Niquin, Veronica Barbaresi, Alejandro Bruhn Cruz, Bruno Leonel Ferreyro, Antoni Torres
BACKGROUND: In patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure (ARF), awake prone positioning (AW-PP) reduces the need for intubation in patients treated with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO). However, the effects of different exposure times on clinical outcomes remain unclear. We evaluated the effect of AW-PP on the risk of endotracheal intubation and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19-related ARF treated with HFNO and analyzed the effects of different exposure times to AW-PP...
January 7, 2022: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35006256/association-of-a-third-dose-of-bnt162b2-vaccine-with-incidence-of-sars-cov-2-infection-among-health-care-workers-in-israel
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Avishay Spitzer, Yoel Angel, Or Marudi, David Zeltser, Esther Saiag, Hanoch Goldshmidt, Ilana Goldiner, Moshe Stark, Ora Halutz, Ronni Gamzu, Marina Slobodkin, Nadav Amrami, Eugene Feigin, Meital Elbaz, Moran Furman, Yotam Bronstein, Amanda Chikly, Anna Eshkol, Victoria Furer, Talia Mayer, Suzy Meijer, Ariel Melloul, Michal Mizrahi, Michal Yakubovsky, Dana Rosenberg, Ari Safir, Liron Spitzer, Eyal Taleb, Ori Elkayam, Adi Silberman, Tali Eviatar, Ofir Elalouf, Tal Levinson, Katia Pozyuchenko, Ayelet Itzhaki-Alfia, Eli Sprecher, Ronen Ben-Ami, Oryan Henig
Importance: Administration of a BNT162b2 booster dose (Pfizer-BioNTech) to fully vaccinated individuals aged 60 years and older was significantly associated with lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe illness. Data are lacking on the effectiveness of booster doses for younger individuals and health care workers. Objective: To estimate the association of a BNT162b2 booster dose with SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care workers who were previously vaccinated with a 2-dose series of BNT162b2...
January 10, 2022: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35021005/sars-cov-2-omicron-variant-neutralization-in-serum-from-vaccinated-and-convalescent-persons
#39
LETTER
Annika Rössler, Lydia Riepler, David Bante, Dorothee von Laer, Janine Kimpel
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 386, Issue 7, Page 698-700, February 2022.
February 17, 2022: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35028662/necessity-of-covid-19-vaccination-in-persons-who-have-already-had-covid-19
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nabin K Shrestha, Patrick C Burke, Amy S Nowacki, Paul Terpeluk, Steven M Gordon
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of COVID-19 vaccination in persons with prior COVID-19. METHODS: Employees of Cleveland Clinic working in Ohio on Dec 16, 2020, the day COVID-19 vaccination was started, were included. Anyone who tested positive for COVID-19 at least once before the study start date was considered previously infected. One was considered vaccinated 14 days after receiving the second dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine...
January 13, 2022: Clinical Infectious Diseases
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