Intrathyroid parathyroid carcinoma

Parathyroid carcinoma is one of the rarest known malignancies that may occur sporadically or as a part of a genetic syndrome. It accounts for approximately 1% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The majority (90%) of parathyroid cancer tumors are hormonally functional and hypersecrete parathyroid hormone (PTH). Thus, most patients exhibit strong symptomatology of hypercalcemia at presentation. Sometimes, it can be difficult to diagnose parathyroid cancer preoperatively due to clinical features shared with benign causes of hyperparathyroidism...

Parathyroid carcinoma is unusual and its intrathyroidal variant is extremely rare. Therefore, few cases have been reported to describe a case of parathyroid carcinoma located inside the thyroid gland. The case corresponds to a 14-year-old girl who came to the office with a severe osteoarticular disease, depression, calcemia of 14.3 mg/dl and parathyroid hormone of 2,792 pg/ml. Right neck exploration was conducted and a parathyroid carcinoma was found located intrathyroidally. A right thyroid lobectomy was performed...

BACKGROUND: Hyperfunctioning ectopic glands remain an operative challenge in patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism. This study examines the incidence of ectopic glands and the utility of sestamibi scans (MIBI), surgeon-performed ultrasonography, and intraoperative parathormone monitoring in such patients undergoing parathyroidectomy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent parathyroidectomy from 1980 to 2011 for sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism at a single institution...

Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma is an exceedingly rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. A 51-year-old African American female presented with goiter, hyperparathyroidism, and symptomatic hypercalcemia. Sestamibi scan revealed diffuse activity within an enlarged thyroid gland with uptake in the right thyroid lobe suggestive of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue. The patient underwent thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. At exploration, a 2.0 cm nodule in the usual location of the right inferior parathyroid was sent for intraoperative frozen consultation, which revealed only ectopic thyroid tissue...

Ectopic parathyroid glands result from aberrant migration during early stages of development and lack of successful identification may lead to lack of success in parathyroid surgery. They constitute a common etiology of persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism, when they are missed at initial diagnosis. Their prevalence is about 2-43% in anatomical series and up to 16% and 14% in patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, respectively. Ectopic inferior parathyroids are most frequently found in the anterior mediastinum, in association with the thymus or the thyroid gland, while the most common position for ectopic superior parathyroids is the tracheoesophageal groove and retroesophageal region...

INTRODUCTION: Parathyroid carcinomas are very rare tumors and may arise in the normally located or ectopic gland. The latter present certain diagnostic difficulties, and there are no specific guidelines on their management. We present a case of parathyroid carcinoma arising within an ectopically located intrathyroid gland and discuss the diagnosis, management, and difficulties encountered. Furthermore, we review all six previously reported cases of this rare event and demonstrate the patterns in presentation, as well as the differences in management...

Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma is extremely rare clinical entity with potentially multiple diagnostic pitfalls. We report a case of 40-year-old man presented with classical manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism, severe hypercalcemia and profoundly increased serum parathyroid hormone level. Neck ultrasonography demonstrated multinodular goiter with predominant 34 mm nodule in left thyroid lobe. Additional 16 mm nodule was found beneath the left lobe. Routine percutaneous fine-needle aspiration of predominant nodule indicated follicular thyroid carcinoma, while left inferior nodule was confirmed to be of parathyroid origin...