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Effect of remifentanil on the haemodynamic response to orotracheal intubation.
British Journal of Anaesthesia 1998 April
We have examined the effect of remifentanil on the haemodynamic response to orotracheal intubation in a randomized, double-blind study. We studied 40 patients allocated to one of four groups of 10 each, to receive the following immediately before induction of anaesthesia: remifentanil 1 microgram kg-1 bolus over 30 s, followed by an infusion of 0.5 microgram kg-1 min-1; saline placebo only; glycopyrrolate 200 micrograms and remifentanil 1 microgram kg-1 bolus over 30 s, followed by an infusion of 0.5 microgram kg-1 min-1; or glycopyrrolate 200 micrograms only. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol, vecuronium and 1% isoflurane with 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen. The trachea was intubated under direct laryngoscopy 3 min after induction of anaesthesia. Arterial pressure and heart rate were measured non-invasively, immediately before induction of anaesthesia and then at 1-min intervals. Remifentanil was found to effectively attenuate the pressor response to intubation (P < 0.05 for the increase in mean arterial pressure; P < 0.01 for the increase in heart rate). In the absence of a concurrent vagolytic agent, remifentanil was associated with bradycardia or hypotension, or both, in five of 10 patients, compared with one patient who received remifentanil and glycopyrrolate.
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