Use of ciprofloxacin as a prophylactic agent in urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.

The most common form of bacterial infection in renal transplant recipients is urinary tract infection (UTI), and some studies have shown that prophylaxis can reduce this incidence. In the present investigation we evaluated 80 patients submitted to renal transplantation at the Renal Transplant Unit of the University Hospital of Ribeirao Preto, SP. The study was prospective, double blind and randomized. The patients were divided into two groups, one receiving placebo and the other ciprofloxacin at the dose of 250 mg twice a day for the first 10 d and 250 mg/d for 6 months after transplantation. Of the 41 patients who received ciprofloxacin 28 completed the study, and of the 39 patients who received placebo 30 completed the study. The largest number of UTI occurred in the placebo group, with a significant difference from the ciprofloxacin group during the first month after surgery (p < 0.05). In the group treated with ciprofloxacin, only 6/40 patients (15%) developed UTI, as opposed to 19/39 (48.7%) for the placebo group. The total number of infectious episodes was higher in the placebo group (26) than in the ciprofloxacin group (12). The medication was well tolerated throughout the study period.