Cisplatin, vincristine, and fluorouracil therapy for hepatoblastoma: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.

PURPOSE: To estimate the disease-free survival rate in children with grossly resected hepatoblastoma treated with cisplatin, vincristine, and fluorouracil (CDDP/VCR/FU) and to assess the disease-response rate and disease-free survival (DFS) rate in children with unresectable or metastatic tumors treated with this combination.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty assessable patients with hepatoblastoma received therapy with five (stage I and II) to seven (stage III and IV) courses of CDDP (90 mg/m2), day 1, and VCR (1.5 mg/m2), and FU (600 mg/m2), day 3.

RESULTS: Nineteen of 21 patients with stage I or II disease survive free of disease (actuarial survival, 90% at 5 years). Twenty-four of 31 patients with stage III disease achieved a complete remission (CR) after chemotherapy and surgical excision; actuarial DFS at 4 years is 67%. Only one of eight patients with stage IV disease achieved a remission and survives.

CONCLUSION: Relatively brief exposure to chemotherapy with CDDP/VCR/FU provided excellent disease control to patients with grossly resected tumors. In patients with initially unresectable disease, this therapy provides a response rate and DFS rate comparable to regimens that contain doxorubicin (DOX).