JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.
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Tubal ligation, hysterectomy, and risk of ovarian cancer. A prospective study.

JAMA 1993 December 16
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether tubal ligation and hysterectomy affect subsequent risk of ovarian cancer.

DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with 12 years of follow-up.

SETTING: United States, multistate.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 121,700 female registered nurses who were 30 to 55 years of age in 1976; the follow-up rate was 90% as of 1988.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Ovarian cancer of epithelial origin confirmed by medical record review.

RESULTS: We observed a strong inverse association between tubal ligation and ovarian cancer, which persisted after adjustment for age, oral contraceptive use, parity, and other ovarian cancer risk factors (multivariate relative risk [RR], 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16 to 0.64). The association was similar when we assessed tubal ligation status at the baseline questionnaire and excluded cases in the first 4 years to eliminate any possible short-term decrease in risk due to screening of the ovaries during ligation surgery. We noted a weaker inverse association between simple hysterectomy and ovarian cancer (RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.00). Neither vasectomy nor condom use by a partner was associated with risk of ovarian cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that tubal ligation, and perhaps hysterectomy, may substantially reduce risk of epithelial ovarian cancer.

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