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Clinical Trial
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Bair hugger forced-air warming maintains normothermia more effectively than thermo-lite insulation.
Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 1994 July
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of forced-air warming and reflective insulation to maintain intraoperative normothermia.
DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical trial.
SETTING: Operating rooms of a general hospital.
PATIENTS: 20 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty.
INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to be warmed intraoperatively using forced-air or reflective insulation. Inspired gases were conditioned using a heat-and-moisture exchanger in both groups, and infused intravenous fluids were warmed to 37 degrees C.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Distal esophageal (core) temperatures decreased approximately 0.5 degrees C in both groups during the first 45 minutes of anesthesia. Subsequently, core temperatures increased slightly in the patients given forced-air warming. In contrast, core temperatures continued to decrease in patients covered with reflective insulation. After 135 minutes of anesthesia, core temperatures were 36.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C (mean +/- SD) in the forced-air group but only 35.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C in the insulated group (p < 0.01, unpaired t-test). These data indicate that forced-air warming is superior to reflective insulation.
CONCLUSION: Reflective insulation was unable to maintain intraoperative normothermia during total hip arthroplasty. Active warming, such as that provided by forced air, was required to prevent hypothermia.
DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical trial.
SETTING: Operating rooms of a general hospital.
PATIENTS: 20 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty.
INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to be warmed intraoperatively using forced-air or reflective insulation. Inspired gases were conditioned using a heat-and-moisture exchanger in both groups, and infused intravenous fluids were warmed to 37 degrees C.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Distal esophageal (core) temperatures decreased approximately 0.5 degrees C in both groups during the first 45 minutes of anesthesia. Subsequently, core temperatures increased slightly in the patients given forced-air warming. In contrast, core temperatures continued to decrease in patients covered with reflective insulation. After 135 minutes of anesthesia, core temperatures were 36.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C (mean +/- SD) in the forced-air group but only 35.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C in the insulated group (p < 0.01, unpaired t-test). These data indicate that forced-air warming is superior to reflective insulation.
CONCLUSION: Reflective insulation was unable to maintain intraoperative normothermia during total hip arthroplasty. Active warming, such as that provided by forced air, was required to prevent hypothermia.
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