Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls.

Archives of Disease in Childhood

The current ARDS guidelines highly recommend lung protective ventilation which include plateau pressure (Pplat &#x2009;&lt;&#x2009;30&#xa0;cm H2 O), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP&#x2009;&gt;&#x2009;5&#xa0;cm H2 O) and tidal volume (Vt of 6&#xa0;ml/kg) of predicted body weight. In contrast, the ELSO guidelines suggest the evaluation of an indication of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) due to hypoxemic or hypercapnic respiratory failure or as bridge to lung transplantation. Finally, these recommendations remain a wide range of scope of interpretation. However, particularly patients with moderate-severe to severe ARDS might benefit from strict adherence to lung protective ventilation strategies. Subsequently, we discuss whether extended physiological ventilation parameter analysis might be relevant for indication of ECMO support and can be implemented during the daily routine evaluation of ARDS patients. Particularly, this viewpoint focus on driving pressure and mechanical power.

Mechanical power of ventilation and driving pressure: two undervalued parameters for pre extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ventilation and during daily management?

Critical Care : the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum

This practical guide has been developed to ensure safe and effective sedation performed in adult patients outside of the operating room, for instance in intensive care units and dental treatment rooms and in the field of palliative care. Sedation levels are classified based on level of consciousness, airway reflex, spontaneous ventilation, and cardiovascular function. Deep sedation induces loss of consciousness and protective reflexes, and can cause respiratory depression and pulmonary aspiration. Invasive medical procedures necessitating deep sedation include cardiac ablation, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and internal radiation therapy. Appropriate analgesia is necessary for procedures that require deep sedation. The sedationist should evaluate the risks of the planned procedure, explain the sedation process to the patient, and obtain the patient's informed consent. Major parameters to be evaluated preoperatively are the patient's airway and general condition. Equipment, instruments, and drugs necessary for emergency situations should be defined and routinely maintained. To prevent aspiration, patients scheduled for moderate or deep sedation should fast preoperatively. In both inpatients and outpatients, biological monitoring should be continued until the discharge criteria are met. Anesthesiologists should be involved in management systems that ensure safe and effective sedation even if they do not personally perform all sedation procedures.

Practical guide for safe sedation.

Journal of Anesthesia

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated bleeding disorder characterized by decreased platelet counts and an increased risk of bleeding. Multiple humoral and cellular immune abnormalities result in accelerated platelet destruction and suppressed platelet production in ITP. The diagnosis remains a clinical exclusion of other causes of thrombocytopenia. Treatment is not required except for patients with active bleeding, severe thrombocytopenia, or cases in need of invasive procedures. Corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and anti-RhD immunoglobulin are the classical initial treatments for newly diagnosed ITP in adults, but these agents generally cannot induce a long-term response in most patients. Subsequent treatments for patients who fail the initial therapy include thrombopoietic agents, rituximab, fostamatinib, splenectomy, and several older immunosuppressive agents. Other potential therapeutic agents, such as inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase and neonatal Fc receptor, are currently under clinical evaluation. An optimized treatment strategy should aim at elevating the platelet counts to a safety level with minimal toxicity and improving patient health-related quality of life, and always needs to be tailored to the patients and disease phases. In this review, we address the concepts of adult ITP diagnosis and management and provide a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic strategies under general and specific situations.

Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls.

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Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls.

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