Sleep duration, insomnia and associated factors among Ukrainians one year after Russia's full-scale invasion.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances and associated factors among Ukrainians one year after Russia's full-scale invasion.

METHODS: Quota sampling was used to collect online survey data from 2,364 adults living in Ukraine aged 18-79 years from 5 April 2023 to 15 May 2023. Short sleep duration was defined as sleep duration ≤6 hours and long sleep duration as ≥9 hours. Insomnia was assessed by the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire.

RESULTS: The prevalence of short sleep duration, long sleep duration, and insomnia was 39.4%, 6.9%, and 38.5%, respectively. Short sleep duration and insomnia were both more likely in females (short sleep duration adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.44; insomnia: aOR = 2.17), individuals with depression (short sleep duration: aOR = 1.61; insomnia: aOR = 7.76), affected by the 2014 Russian invasion (short sleep duration: aOR = 1.37; insomnia: aOR = 1.78), and with more trauma events (short sleep duration: Quartile 3 vs Q1: aOR = 1.88; Q4 vs Q1: aOR = 1.83; insomnia: Q3 vs Q1: aOR = 2.14; Q4 vs Q1: aOR = 2.32). Insomnia was more likely in Ukrainians with PTSD (aOR = 2.95), anxiety (aOR = 4.57), and loneliness (aOR = 1.67). Essential public service was associated with short sleep duration (aOR = 1.64). Short sleep duration and insomnia were associated with lower quality of life in physical, psychological, and environmental domains. Insomnia was associated with the social relationships domain.

CONCLUSIONS: Sleep health among Ukrainian adults one year into the war is concerning, with more than one-third reporting inadequate sleep or insomnia. More studies are needed on impacts and interventions for sleep health during and after the war.