The experiences of people starting haemodialysis: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Starting dialysis is a life-changing transition for people living with kidney disease. People feel overwhelmed with diet changes, medications and surgical interventions, and often experience high levels of anxiety, depression and hospital admissions. The objective of this study was to explore and describe the experiences and perspectives of people starting dialysis.

STUDY DESIGN: Observational qualitative study using audio-recorded, individual, semi-structured interviews.

PARTICIPANTS: We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with English-speaking adults who were within 90 days of starting in-centre haemodialysis at centres of a nonprofit dialysis provider in Northern California.

APPROACH: Trained qualitative researchers conducted interviews that were deidentified and transcribed verbatim before being inductively coded into codes, categories, and themes.

RESULTS: Three overarching themes emerged from the interviews. Being overwhelmed when starting dialysis, realises the emotional unpreparedness of patients starting dialysis and how the centre's environment (waiting and treatment areas) and staff behaviour impact the dialysis start experience. Making sense of it all, covers how the patient's symptoms, behaviour, and dialysis-related experiences impact the dialysis start. Moving forward, describes how education informed optimal decision-making, and can provide hope for a longer and better life.

LIMITATIONS: Predominantly college-educated participants were recruited from a single dialysis organisation which may limit the transferability of results.

CONCLUSION: Understanding the life-changing experiences that patients encounter when starting dialysis assist dialysis clinicians to help patients adjust and develop long-term coping strategies.