Formulation, Configuration, and Physical Properties of Dental Composite Resin Containing a Novel 2π + 2π Photodimerized Crosslinker - Cinnamyl Methacrylate: An In Vitro Research.

AIM: To formulate and characterize the chemical structure of a new dental composite with photodimerized cinnamyl methacrylate (PD-CMA) photo-crosslinking comonomer and to evaluate the monomer-to-polymer conversion (MPC) and glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the new composite copolymers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: CMA was PD by ultraviolet C-type (UVC) irradiation. The research groups were a control group C0 without PD-CMA and two trial groups: E10 (10 wt. % PD-CMA substituted in the base comonomers (B) and diluent (D) mixture); E20 (20 wt.% PD-CMA completely replacing the diluent (D) monomer). Infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies were employed for ascertaining copolymerization (CP). The surface features and composition of the copolymers were explained by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, respectively. The MPC and T g of the copolymers were assessed using FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Statistical tests were used to compare the groups.

RESULTS: The configuration of the new copolymers P (BD- Co -CMA) and P(B- Co -CMA) was confirmed. The MPC% and T g of the copolymers were better than the control. PD-CMA at 20 wt. % in the P (B- Co -CMA) copolymer exhibited the highest MPC% and T g .

CONCLUSION: The incorporation of PD-CMA in the composite resin resulted in new P (BD-Co-CMA) and P (B- Co -CMA) copolymers with improved MPC% and T g .

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The substitution with PD-CMA offset the shortcomings of the conventional BD comonomers concerning the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the restorative composite resin. This might ameliorate the restorations in vivo longevity and serviceability.