Cilia impairment in bronchial epithelial cells detected in autopsy material of SARS-CoV-2-infected patient.

Recent studies indicate that cilia impairment, accompanied by the axonema loss and the basal body misorientation, is a common pathological feature of SARS-CoV-2-infected bronchial epithelial cells. However, these data were obtained using either cultured cells, or animal models, while in human postmortem material, cilia impairment has not been described yet. Here, we present direct observation of cilia impairment in SARS-CoV-2-infected bronchial epithelial cells using transmission electron microscopy of the autopsy material. We were able to observe only single infected cells with cilia impairment in one of twelve examined specimens, while the large number of desquamated bronchial epithelial cells with undisturbed ciliary layer was visible in the bronchial lumens. Thus, it seems that in the lungs of infected patients, the majority of bronchial cells do not die as a direct result of infection, which may explain the rarity of this finding in the autopsy material.