Neighborhood socioeconomic status and racial and ethnic survival disparities in oral cavity and laryngeal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Oral cavity cancer (OCC) and laryngeal cancer (LC) are among the most common cancers worldwide. This study investigated survival in non-Hispanic (NH) Black, NH White, Asian, and Hispanic OCC and LC patients of low, intermediate, and high neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES).

METHODS: We used data from the SEER 18 Census Tract-level SES and Rurality Database of the National Cancer Institute to create cohorts of OCC and LC patients from 2013-2018. Univariate survival analysis was performed with KM curves and log-rank p-values by nSES and then the cross-classification of race, ethnicity, and nSES. We used Cox proportional hazards regression model for multivariable analysis.

RESULTS: Higher nSES was associated with better OCC survival for NH White, NH Black, and Asian patients, and better LC survival for NH White, NH Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients. In the multivariable analyses of both OCC and LC survival, NH Black patients had worse survival than NH White patients in the high nSES tertile. NH Black patients with OCC were at higher risk of death than NH White patients at all nSES levels. Conversely, Asian patients with LC demonstrated better survival than other races within the high nSES.

CONCLUSION: Overall survival differs between racial and ethnic groups of similar nSESs. These health disparities in OCC and LC patients reflect broader inequities in the cancer control continuum.

IMPACT: The cross-classification of race,ethnicity, and nSES revealed disparities in the 5-year overall survival of OCC and LC patients, highlighting the importance of intersectionality in the discussion of health equity.