The association between patterns of early respiratory disease and diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine the association between clinical patterns of early respiratory disease and diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants.

METHODS: Preterm infants <29 weeks' gestation underwent cardiac ultrasounds around day 7 and 14-21. Respiratory dysfunction patterns were classified as stable (ST), respiratory deterioration (RD) or early persistent respiratory dysfunction (EPRD) according to oxygen need. Diastolic dysfunction was diagnosed using a multi-parameter approach including left atrial strain (LASR ) to help differentiate between cardiac or pulmonary pathophysiology.

RESULTS: 98 infants (mean 27 weeks) were included. The prevalence of ST, RD and EPRD was 53%, 21% and 26% respectively. Diastolic dysfunction was more prevalent in the RD and EPRD groups with patent ductus arteriosus and significant growth restriction as risk factors. Not all infants with a PDA developed diastolic dysfunction. LASR was lower in the EPDR group.

CONCLUSION: Respiratory dysfunction patterns are associated with diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants.