Tracing the recent updates on vaccination approaches and significant adjuvants being developed against HIV.

INTRODUCTION: Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1); the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), has been a major target of the scientific community to develop a medication or vaccine for its cure and prevention. Some successful discoveries have been made during the last two decades in the form of availability of anti-viral therapy in endemic regions. Nevertheless, a total cure and safety vaccine has not yet been designed to eradicate HIV from the world.

AREAS COVERED: The purpose of this comprehensive study is to compile widespread recent data regarding therapeutic interventions against HIV and to determine future research needs in this field. A systematic research strategy has been used to gather data from recent, most advanced published electronic sources. Literature-based results show that experiments at the in-vitro level and animal models are continuously in research annals and are providing some positive results to be used in human models.

EXPERT OPINION: Some potential vaccine and drug adjuvants have been introduced in recent years through rigorous scientific efforts. However, there is still a gap and more work is needed in the direction of modern drug and vaccination designs. Moreover coordination is necessary among researchers, educationists, public health workers, social workers and the general community to communicate and coordinate the repercussions associated with the deadly disease. It is important for taking timely measures regarding mitigation and adaptation with HIV in future.