Validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the postoperative quality of recovery 15 (QoR-15) questionnaire for Spanish-speaking patients: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The postoperative QoR-15 questionnaire may improve the detection of postoperative complications on an early basis and contribute to optimize treatment and recovery. No validated Spanish QoR-15 questionnaire has been available to date.

METHODS: The Spanish QoR-15 questionnaire (QoR-15E), carried out by official bilingual translators, was administered to 242 adult patients undergoing elective surgery before and 24 h after surgery. Patients were asked about their perceived quality of general recovery using a visual analogue scale (VAS). A random subgroup of 36 patients completed a third questionnaire 30-60 min after having completed the first one, and under the same conditions.

RESULTS: The Pearson correlation coefficient between QoR-15E and the VAS score was 0.759. Cronbach's alpha was 0.856 in the postoperative period. Reliability by the split-half method was 0.781. Test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.998. Cohen's d was 0.94. The mean time to complete the preoperative questionnaire was 2.9 ± 0.5 min.

CONCLUSIONS: The QoR-15E is valid and reliable for assessing preoperative quality of recovery in Spanish-speaking patients, with psychometric and interpretative features similar to those of the original instrument.