Concurrent training remodels the subcutaneous adipose tissue extracellular matrix of people living with HIV: a non-randomized clinical trial.

Evaluate the effect of 12wks of concurrent training (CT) in extracellular matrix (ECM) of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in people living with HIV/aids (PLWHA). To the non-randomized clinical trial 19 participants, 11 healthy (HIV-) and 18 PLWHA under the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for at least 1 year (HIV+). All participants engaged in a moderate-intensity CT program for 12 weeks, three times a week. Before and after CT, aerobic and strength performance were assessed, as well as anthropometry and biochemical blood profile. Also, SAT biopsies were carried out for histologic and morphometric analysis. The statistical analysis was carried out with R Studio, using descriptive and inferential analysis, ANOVA test and mixed-effect model were utilized (P<0.05). HIV+ showed higher levels of VLDL, TGL, and lower levels of HDL in baseline than HIV- (P<0.05). All groups improved aerobic and strength performance (P<0.05). Both groups presented reduced adipocyte sizes after CT (P<0,05). Lastly, HIV+ presented smaller adipocytes and higher elastic fiber deposition in baseline and decreased after training only in HIV+, matching similarly to HIV- group. Thus, CT in PLWHA promoted a decrease in size heterogeneity of adipocytes and elastic fiber deposition, remodeling ECM and improving SAT fibrosis profile. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (UTN: U1111-1214-3022) Novelty • Adipose tissue fibrosis is improved by training in people living with HIV. • Concurrent training remodels adipose tissue extracellular matrix.