[Clinical and genetic analysis of a child with 2q37 deletion syndrome resulting from a translocation involving chromosome satellite].

OBJECTIVE: To carry out cyto- and molecular genetic testing for a child featuring facial dysmorphism and attention deficit and hyperactive disorder.

METHODS: The child was subjected to routine peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosomal karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) analyses.

RESULTS: The child's facial dysmorphism included low-set ears, curly ear auricle, protuberance of eyebrow arch, nostril notch, short and flat philtrum and thin upper lip. SNP-array revealed that he has carried a 4.883 Mb deletion at 2q37. His chromosomal karyotype was ultimately determined as 45, XY, der(2;21) (2pter→ 2q37.3::21p13→ 21p10::20p10→ 20pter), der(20) (21qter→ 21q10::20q10→ 20qter).

CONCLUSION: A rare case of 2q37 deletion syndrome involving three chromosomes was discovered. Combined use of various cyto- and molecular genetic techniques is crucial for the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities with complex structures.