Contemporary impact of circadian symptom-onset patterns of acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction on long-term outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

BACKGROUND: Daytime variation with regard to onset time of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) symptoms has been observed. Nevertheless, with the advanced medical therapy, it is not uncertainty if a similar circadian pattern of STEMI symptom onset occurs, as well as its possible impact on clinical outcomes. Few long-term data are available. We assess the impact of circadian symptom-onset patterns of STEMI on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in more contemporary patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 1099 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing PPCI ≤12h from symptom onset during 2013 to 2019 were classified into 4 groups by 6-h intervals according to time-of-day at symptom onset: night (0:00-5:59), morning (6:00-11:59), afternoon (12:00-17:59), and evening (18:00-23:59). Incidence of MACE including cardiovascular death and nonfatal MI during a median follow-up of 48 months was compared among the 4 groups. A morning peak of symptom onset of STEMI was detected during the period 06:00-11:59 ( p  < .001). Compared with other three 6-h intervals, the incidence of long-term MACE during night onset-time (18.8%, 10.1%, 10.7% and 12.4%, p  = .020) was significant higher that was driven by more mortality (13.1%, 6.5%, 7.1%and 7.7%, p  = .044). Night symptom-onset STEMI was independently associated with subsequent MACE (hazard ratio = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.09-2.27, p  = .017) even after multivariable adjustment.

CONCLUSIONS: Circadian variation of STEMI symptom-onset with morning predominance still exists in contemporary practice. Night symptom-onset STEMI was independently associated with increased risk of MACE in Chinese patients treated with PPCI.