Success of resin infiltration treatment on interproximal tooth surfaces in young adults-A practice-based follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: Arresting active initial caries lesions is part of the modern caries controlling system. Resin infiltration (RI) system has been found a promising method in arresting interproximal initial lesions. The aim was to investigate whether RI arrests progression of active caries lesions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants (n = 20) of the retrospective study were patients in the Dental Teaching Unit, City of Oulu, Finland, mean age 26 years (SD5.2). Indication for RI was radiographically diagnosed progressing (ICDAS 1-3) interproximal lesions (n = 54). RI treatments were performed in 2015-2017. Controls were initial lesions in the same bitewing radiographs without RI or other treatment (n = 24). For analyzes teeth were categorized as lower and upper premolars and molars. The change in lesions during the follow-up period was recorded surface wise as follows: deterioration / improvement from ICDAS score 3/improvement from ICDAS score 2/improvement per se/at follow-up, lesion was less diffuse/no change. The changes in each tooth surface were analyzed between RI intervention and control teeth by using Chi-square test. Proportions of successful and failed surfaces were given.

RESULTS: The mean length of follow-up period was 17.4 m (SD7.2). Arresting of caries lesions (ICDAS scores 2 and 3) was distinctly better in RI group (63.0%) compared with the controls (29.1%). The situation progressed among 29.2% of the controls whereas the respective proportion among the intervention group was 14.8%. Progression of lesions was more distinct in all tooth groups in the control group. Outcome was successful despite the lesion depth.

CONCLUSIONS: Resin infiltration seems effective in arresting progression of initial caries lesions with monitoring period of 1.5 years.