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Cerebrospinal Fluid Spread in a Child with Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: A Report with Cytopathological Evidence.
World Neurosurgery 2020 October 17
BACKGROUND: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), a relatively uncommon, World Health Organization grade II tumor of astrocytic origin, occurs in children and in general carries good prognosis. The recently identified anaplastic PXA (grade III) type shows poor outcome. Very rarely, the above said tumors can display an aggressive clinical course with features of leptomeningeal spread. Such cases are mostly seen in adults, with rare instances reported in pediatric age group.
CASE DESCRIPTION: In this report, we describe an 8-year-old child with anaplastic PXA with a rapid downhill course due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spread. This child perhaps is the first pediatric report in which the CSF dissemination was established on cytology.
CONCLUSIONS: The case is an indicator of the need for craniospinal screening protocol in patients with PXA, especially the anaplastic variety, both at the time of initial diagnosis and follow-up.
CASE DESCRIPTION: In this report, we describe an 8-year-old child with anaplastic PXA with a rapid downhill course due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spread. This child perhaps is the first pediatric report in which the CSF dissemination was established on cytology.
CONCLUSIONS: The case is an indicator of the need for craniospinal screening protocol in patients with PXA, especially the anaplastic variety, both at the time of initial diagnosis and follow-up.
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