[Expression and Clinical Significance of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β 2 -MG in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Different Results of Blood Separation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression level and the clinical significance of serum interleukin-6(IL-6) , IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and β2 -microglobulin(β2 -MG) in multiple myeloma(MM) patients with different blood separation results.

METHODS: The clinical data of 124 newly diagnosed MM patients (76 cases of IgG type, 48 cases of IgA type) treated in our hospital from October 2015 to October 2019 were enrolled and analyzed. The blood samples were divided into control group (the order from top to bottom is serum, separator gel and red blood cells) and abnormal group (the order from top to bottom is serum, red blood cells, separator gel and red blood cells) according to the blood separation result. The differences of expression level in serum IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG were compared between the two groups, and the changes of blood separation result and different indexes were analyzed after treatment.

RESULTS: Abnormal separation results were found in 21 cases (16.94%), including 13 cases of IgG type and 8 cases of IgA type. The levels of serum IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG in abnormal group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05) . After treatment, 85 patients in control group (103 cases) achieved complete remission (CR) or very good partial remission (VGPR) and partial remission(PR). The results of blood separation showed no change. 18 patients achieved less than PR, and the separation result in 5 patients changed from normal to abnormal separation. The blood separation of 9 patients with CR and VGPR in abnormal group (21 cases) were changed from abnormal to normal. 8 patients achieved PR, and the separation result in 6 patients were changed from abnormal to normal and 2 cases showed no change, while the blood separation showed no changes in 4 cases MM patients who achieved less than PR in abnormal group. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG of patients in control group transformed to abnormal blood separation result after treatment showed significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05) , and the levels of IL-6 and β2 -MG were significantly lower in the patients with out change in blood separation results than those before treatment (P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG of patients in abnormal group transformed to normal blood separation after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG in abnormal group with no changes in blood separation results showed not significantly different from those before treatment (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Abnormal separation phenomenon can be found after centrifugation in patients with multiple myeloma. The expression levels of serum IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG in MM patients with different blood separation results are different, which suggesting different degrees of tumor burden. The changes of blood separation result and levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and β2 -MG after treatment can predict the therapeutic effect, and also provide the experimental basis for the evaluation of disease condition and prognosis of patients with different blood separation results.