[Coronary artery bypass grafting in non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction].

AIM: The study was aimed at comparatively assessing the immediate results of coronary artery bypass grafting operations without artificial circulation performed in non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and chronic ischaemic heart disease.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The main group with non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction enrolled a total of 101 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without artificial circulation. The patients' age varied from 47 to 87 years, median 66.0 years (60.0; 71.0). The indication for the operation was persistent myocardial ischaemia on the background of carried out therapy with impossibility of performing percutaneous coronary intervention due to anatomy of coronary arteries and peculiarities of their pathology. The comparison group of chronic ischaemic heart disease was composed of 108 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting without artificial circulation. The patients' age varied from 40 to 92 years, median - 60.0 years (58.0; 68.0). The patients with acute myocardial infarction had a significantly greater (p<0.05) number of coronary arteries measuring in diameter 2.5 mm and more, with significant occlusive and stenotic lesions, as well as a higher total SYNTAX score. The patients undergoing elective surgery were found to have an initially higher (p<0.05) left ventricular ejection fraction.

RESULTS: In the group of acute myocardial infarction the waiting times for coronary artery bypass grafting varied from 2 to 8 days, median of waiting - 4.0 days (4.0; 5.0). The lethality rate (p<0.05) in the group of acute myocardial infarction amounted to 3.0% (3 cases) and in the group of chronic ischaemic heart disease to 0.9% (1 case). Twenty-one (20.8%) operations were carried out within the first 72 hours, with eighty surgical interventions (79.2%) performed after 72 hours from the onset of the disease. All 3 (3.8%) lethal outcomes were observed after coronary artery bypass grafting procedures performed later than 72 hours from the onset of acute myocardial infarction (p>0.05). The total number of complications (p>0.05) amounted to 18 (17.8%) and 10 (9.3%) in the group of acute myocardial infarction and in the group of chronic ischaemic heart disease, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The immediate results of delayed coronary artery bypass grafting procedures without artificial circulation for acute myocardial infarction and chronic ischaemic heart disease were statistically comparable (p>0.05) by the lethality and complication rates. Lethality in the group of non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction din not depend on the time of operation after the onset of the disease.