Cross-Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Hindi Version of Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ 11-14 ) in school children.

BACKGROUND: There is a need to validate OHRQoL measures in Hindi to assess the OHRQoL of Indian children.

AIM: To develop a Hindi version of the CPQ11-14 and to appraise its validity and reliability for use among North Indian children aged 11-14 years.

DESIGN: The cross-culturally adapted Hindi version of CPQ11-14 was achieved by forward translation, backward translation, committee review and pretesting. A total of 1000 children were recruited from schools, chosen by two-stage cluster random sampling technique. After completing the self-administered questionnaire CPQ11-14 by the child, oral examination was conducted using Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, Malocclusion index and Dean's Fluorosis index. Test-retest reliability was checked on 100 participants after one week.

RESULTS: The floor effect was present in 3.6% individuals and there was no ceiling effect. Cronbach's alpha for the overall CPQ11-14 scale was 0.963. Intra-class Correlation (ICC) Coefficient was 0.952 for the entire scale. Cronbach's alpha value for test-retest was 0.918. There was a non-significant change in domain level and overall median CPQ11-14 scores with an increase in DMFT scores. For malocclusion and fluorosis, there was a statistically significant increase in overall as well as domain-level scores with increased severity scores. CPQ11-14 as well as individual domains significantly correlated with both the global questions.

CONCLUSION: Hindi version of CPQ11-14 is a reliable scale to assess OHRQoL in Hindi speaking 11-14-year-old children.