Critical care nurses' experiences of nursing intoxicated patients after abuse of drugs.

BACKGROUND: Patients intoxicated after abusing illicit drugs constitute a significant proportion of patients cared for in intensive care units. Intensive critical care nurses who nurse accidentally intoxicated patients face complex and demanding situations, and there is a lack of studies regarding this topic.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To illuminate Swedish intensive critical care nurses' experiences of nursing accidentally intoxicated patients after abuse of illicit drugs.

DESIGN: A qualitative design with an inductive approach was used.

METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight intensive critical care nurses at an intensive care unit in Sweden. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

FINDINGS: The themes found illuminate intensive critical care nurses' experiences of nursing accidentally intoxicated patients after their abuse of illicit drugs: feeling empathy and a wish to provide dignified care; dreading nursing the patient and feeling a lack of empathy; feeling frustration and questioning the care; lacking knowledge about a complex and challenging situation.

CONCLUSIONS: It is essential to respond to intoxicated patients with empathy and dignity. Intensive critical care nurses should learn how to identify factors that lead to provocation and agitation in order to reduce the occurrence of dangerous situations in intensive care units.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: To create a caring environment where the interaction becomes more positive and harmonious, an intensive care nurse needs a deep understanding of what a drug abuse disorder means. Moreover, the ability to see the person behind the abuse and to provide non-judgemental support is required. WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC Patients intoxicated after abuse of illicit drugs constitute a significant proportion of patients cared for in ICUs worldwide. Intensive critical nurses who nurse accidentally intoxicated patients face complex and demanding situations, and few studies have addressed this topic. WHAT THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTES It is essential to respond to intoxicated patients who are admitted to the ICU with empathy and dignity, as well as to learn how to identify factors that lead to provocation and agitation in order to reduce the occurrence of dangerous situations. Education is warranted and must be enhanced, including knowledge about drug abuse and training in communication and empathy Nursing should include an understanding of what the disease of drug abuse means and the development of the ability to see the person behind the abuse and to provide non-judgemental support.