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Relationship between symptom burden, medication adherence, and spiritual well-being in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between symptom burden, medication adherence, and spiritual well-being in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

BACKGROUND: The relationship between spirituality and medication adherence has been investigated in different chronic conditions. However, the relationship between symptom burden, medication adherence, and spiritual well-being in patients with COPD has not been explored.

DESIGN: A descriptive correlational study design was adopted.

METHODS: A total of 112 patients with COPD were included in the study. Data were collected using the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale-7 (ARMS-7), and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp). The data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Checklist was used.

RESULTS: The CAT score was significantly higher in patients on long-term oxygen therapy and those who had more than three comorbid conditions (p < 0.05). The mean score of ARMS-7 was significantly associated with age (p < 0.05). Current smokers had higher ARMS-7 and lower FACIT-Sp scores (p < 0.001). The FACIT-Sp score was negatively and moderately associated with the CAT and ARMS-7 scores (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: This study concluded that individuals with higher spiritual well-being had lower symptom burden and higher medication adherence. The need for long-term oxygen therapy and a high number of comorbid conditions were associated with increased symptom burden. Current smokers had lower spiritual well-being and medication adherence.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Spiritual well-being should be evaluated when assessing symptom burden and medication adherence in clinical practice. In addition, further studies examining the causal relationship between symptom burden, spiritual well-being, and medication adherence in different populations are warranted.

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