Three-dimensional templating in hip arthroplasty: the basis for template-directed instrumentation?

INTRODUCTION: Computed tomography-based three-dimensional models may allow the accurate determination of the center of rotation, lateral and anterior femoral offsets, and the required implant size in total hip arthroplasty. In this cadaver study, the accuracy of anatomical reconstruction was evaluated using a three-dimensional planning tool.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of eight hip arthroplasties were performed on four bilateral specimens. Based on a computed tomography scan, the position and size of the prosthesis were templated with respect to the anatomical conditions.

RESULTS: On average, all parameters were reconstructed to an accuracy of 4.5 mm and lie within the limits recommended in the literature. All prostheses were implanted with the templated size.

CONCLUSIONS: The exact anatomy of the patient and the required size and position of the prosthesis were precisely analyzed using a templating software. Based on the present findings, the development of template-directed instrumentation is conceivable using this method. However, further technical features (e.g., navigation or robot-assisted surgery) are required for improved precision for implant positioning.