Association of metabolic syndrome with morbidity and mortality in emergency general surgery.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by numerous comorbidities. We sought to assess MetS's effect on the 7 main emergency general surgery (EGS) procedures that constitute 80% of EGS procedures, mortalities, complications, and costs.

METHODS: Data were acquired from the ACS-NSQIP database from 2005 to 2017. Current procedural terminology (CPT) codes were utilized to identify cases. Patients with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension were defined as having MetS. MetS and non-MetS cohorts were propensity score matched, compared by outcomes, and assessed with multivariate logistic regression to attain odds ratios (OR).

RESULTS: Of 752,023 cases, 41,788 (5.6%) MetS cases were identified. Significant outcomes included superficial infection (OR: 1.51), pulmonary complications (OR: 1.17), renal complications (OR: 1.82), cumulative morbidity (OR: 1.22), and hospital readmission (OR: 1.41).

CONCLUSIONS: For patients undergoing these procedures, MetS increased risk for comorbidities and hospital readmission. MetS had a significant impact on mortality only for appendectomy.